1. 8.1.2014

2. 4 STROKE ENGINE OPERATION Intake Stroke Compression Stroke Combustion Exhaust Stroke Different Engine states require different air/fuel concentration, different ignition advance

3. MOTIVATION Most modern car engines are 4 stroke engines. To achieve maximum efficiency. the engine must be supplied with precise fuel amounts (Air-Fuel Ratio). fuel must be burn at the ideal time when the pistons move up and down (Ignition Advance). SoC are very cheap For these – we need fast input and output access, in the ~10us range.

4. PROJECT GOALS Design a real time system that reads engine sensors and : Determine the ideal spark time Determine the ideal air-fuel mixture enable easy updating of the ECU via the built in SD-CARD Affordable Designed for a 4cylinder engine

5. NAÏVE ARCHITECTURE ECU Sampling rate of 233hz !

6. SOLUTION : FINAL ARCHITECTURE 2 nd Arduino UART DigitalAnaloginputs

7. SOLUTION : FINAL ARCHITECTURE ECU Outputs :Fuel, Ignition pulses Inputs :Engine sensors (MAP,CLT,IAT,CRANK,TPS,O2)

8. BLOCK DIAGRAM Load Tables from SD-card StreamSend RX Calc Ign Adv, Inj PW StreamSend TX Read Sensors StreamSend TX StreamSend RX Calc Inj, Ign times Crank Sensor Drive Outputs Arduino Galileo

9. Calc desired angle for event REAL TIME PROGRAMMING Calc time untill event Schedule event : time to start, duration Wait untill : current_time=interrupt_time End funcStart func interrupt time=current_time+ duration interrupt time=current_time+ time_to_start

10. TESTING ENVIRONMENT ECU Galileo+Arduino Nano D2: Crank (timerInterrupt driven) LPF PWM: MAP TPS COOLANT IAT Analog voltages Each engine scenario is a different test bench code Engine simulator

11. TEST SCENARIOS Accelerate – Increasing RPM. more sparks and increased fuel amount Decelerate – Decreasing RPM. less sparks and decreasing fuel amount Warming Engine – Increasing COOLANT. decreasing fuel amount. Slope – Increasing TPS. increasing fuel amount High Load – Increasing MAP. Increasing fuel amount

12. ACCELERATION SIMULATION RESULTS

13. WARMING ENGINE SIMULATION RESULTS

14. STEEP SLOPE SIMULATION RESULTS

15. DECELERATE SIMULATION RESULTS

16. HIGH LOAD SIMULATION RESULTS

17. NEXT STEPS? engine1engine2 serial0 serial1

18. NEXT STEPS? engine1engineN I2c BUS engine2 …

19. BACKUP