2. CHAPTER 6 THE DUEL FOR NORTH AMERICA

3. French Settlement in North America  France came late to NA colonization  Edict of Nantes  Louis XIV: 1643-1715  Samuel de Champlain  France ruled Canada autocratically  Reasons Canada grew slowly French holdings: 1700

4. New France Fans Out  Beaver and other furs important resource  Fur-trappers ranged over French Territory  Important interaction with Native Americans  Exploration of Voyageurs  Jesuit Missionaries

5. Map 6.2: Fur-Trading Posts

6. Other French Explorers  Antoine Cadillac founded Detroit  Robert de La Salle: interior basin “Louisiana”  Early 1700s establish a number of posts on the Mississippi river.  New Orleans founded in 1718. Significance of New Orleans? Significance of New Orleans?

7. Clash of Empire  King Williams’ War 1689-1697 (War of the league of Augsburg) British and allies against French and Spanish to try to check the power of France British and allies against French and Spanish to try to check the power of France  Queen Anne’s War 1702-1713 (War of Spanish Succession) Fought when Louis XIV tries to put his Grandson on the throne of Spain Fought when Louis XIV tries to put his Grandson on the throne of Spain

8. Treaty of Utrecht  England gets : Nova Scotia Nova Scotia Newfoundland Newfoundland Hudson Bay area Hudson Bay area limited trading rights in Spanish America limited trading rights in Spanish America

9. Clash of Empires  King George’s War—1744-48 (War of Austrian Succession in Europe) France and Spain against British (in North America) France and Spain against British (in North America) Cape Breton Island. Cape Breton Island. Brits give it back in the peace treaty. (1748) Brits give it back in the peace treaty. (1748) New Englanders outraged. New Englanders outraged.

10. Background to French and Indian War  Ohio Valley dispute  Va. Governor Dinwitty sends militia and George Washington  Fort Necessity  GW forced to surrender after 10-hour siege  Unofficial start of the French and Indian War (Seven-Years War).

11. French and Indian War  In Europe, England and Prussia against France, Spain, Austria and Russia  In America, French and their Indian allies against British, colonists and their Indian allies

12. Albany Congress  7 of 13 Colonies send reps.  Short-range purpose  Long-range purpose  Ben Franklin’s Albany Plan Albany PlanAlbany Plan

13. French and Indian War  Fort Duquesne  Battle of the Wilderness 7/9/55 Braddock Braddock Brits pummeled Brits pummeled Washington a hero Washington a hero Significance Significance

14. French and Indian War  William Pitt new Prime Minister “Great Commoner” His policies toward war  Louisburg  James Wolfe – Quebec

15.  Treaty of Paris 1763: Canada seceded to Brit. French forced to give Louisiana to Spain. Spanish give Florida to the Brits. France completely out of N.A.

16. Affects of War  20,000 Americans fight in the war.  Colonies emerge with renewed confidence in their military abilities.  Myth of invincible Brit. troops shattered.  Brits have contempt for colonial militias.  Some colonists had not supported the war.  Greater Colonial Unity

17. Impact of War on Colonists  New sense of Freedom-French Gone  Feel less dependent on Brits  Want to spread into Ohio Valley  Indian threat reduced  Pontiac’s Rebellion Significance Significance

18. Proclamation of 1763  What did it do?  What was Britain’s objective  How did the colonists react to it?

19. End of Chapter