2. 8:00-8:15 IntroductionStuart Simmons 8:15-10:00Geology/MineralogyJoe Moore 10:00-10:30Coffee 10:30-11:45Fluid ChemistryStuart Simmons 11:45-12:30ReservoirsRick Allis Rick Allis, Joe Moore & Stuart Simmons rickallis@utah.gov, jmoore@egi.utah.edu, ssimmons@egi.utah.edu Geoscience Basics of Geothermal Energy

3. Physical: Heat & mass transfer Temperature-pressure gradients Permeability-porosity Hydrology & fluid flow Chemical: Fluid compositions Fluid-mineral equilibria Mineral corrosion/deposition Hydrothermal alteration GEOLOGY Geoscience of Geothermal Energy

4. Geothermal Resources

6. Wairakei 2010 ~235 MW capacity 1729 GWh of net generation 54.6 million tonnes geothermal fluid 60.8 petajoules thermal >90% load factor >50 years of production

7. Power Cycles & Electricity Generation liquid-dominated reservoir vapor-dominated reservoir liquid-dominated reservoir condensing turbines binary plant Graphics: Duffield & Sass, 2003 >200° C ~240° C <200° C

8. Geothermal Power MW th = m × (H reservoir -H 75°C ) Wairakei Production

9. extensional fault volcano-intrusion reservoirs < 3 km depth Geothermal Systems: Stored vs Flowing liquid-dominated (100-300°C) vapor-dominated (220-250°C) enthalpy kJ/kg 1000 2000 3000 sedimentary basin reservoir