1. Sensation and Perception
Biological Component

2. The Five Sense

3. Five Senses Touch = Skin; Sensory Neurons; Parietal Lobe
Smell = Olfactory Bulb; Olfactory Cortex; Amygdala; Hypothalamus; Frontal Lobe
Taste = Taste Buds; Five taste: sweet, sour, salty, bitter, and umami (savory); Smell; Sight
Hearing = Sound Waves; Outer-Middle-Inner-Ear; Auditory Cortex; Corpus Callosum; Temporal Lobe
Sight = Retina; Visual Cortex; Corpus Callosum; Occipital Lobe

4. I. Touch – Skin A.) Skin Layers
1. Epidermis ;Dermis ;Subcutaneous Tissue B.) Somatosensory System
1. Nerve endings and receptors
C.) Brain Parts (body)
1. Thalamus = sends message to PL
2. Parietal Lobe (PL) = process sensory info. to make awareness of function

5. I. Touch – Skin

6. II. Smell – Nose A.) Nose - Nasal Cavity 1. Smell receptor in lining
B.) Olfactory Nerve
1. send odor to bulb
C.) Olfactory Bulb (translator)
D.) Hippocampus & Amygdala
1. help form memory of smell

7. II. Smell – Nose

8. III. Mouth & other parts A.) Taste Buds = organs of taste
B.) Papillae = elevated taste receptors
C.) Location of taste sense debatably
D.) Taste senses
1. Salty
2. Sour
3. Sweet
4. Bitter
5. Umami (Japanese – Hearty)
E.) Varying Facial nerves carry taste signals
to your Thalamus then your Parietal Lobe
F.) Elements of Sight and Smell play a factor into taste – what you see and smell influence your perception of taste

9. III. Mouth & other parts

10. IV. Sound – Ear A.) Outer Ear (pinna – cartilage)
1. brings in sound waves / vibration {W/V}
B.) Auditory Canal
1. amplifies W/V & provides protection
C.) Eardrum (Tympanic Membrane)
1. external W/V are transferred into internal W/V
D.) Inner Ear
1. funnels W/V through
E.) Cochlea
1. converts W/V into neural impulses
F.) Auditory Nerve (AN)
1. carries signal to the brain

11. IV. Sound – Ear

12. V. Sight - Eye A. ) The Cornea (clear lens). 1
V. Sight - Eye A.) The Cornea (clear lens) Clear bulging - front of the eye Primary refractive surface (starts focus process) B.) Pupil (black sphere) Regulates amount of light (dilates) C.) Lens (clear lens) Focus light rays into Retina D.) Retina (thin tissue – back of eye) Receives images Converts images into electrical impulses E.) Optic Nerve carry visual information to brain

13. V. Sight - Eye

14. PERCEPTION Main Concepts

15. Top-Down = perceptual processes in which information from an individual's past experience, knowledge, expectations, motivations, and background influence the way a perceived object is interpreted and classified
Bottom-Up = perceptual process based on the sensory data available in the environment; results of process are passed upward toward more abstract representations
Accommodation = involves altering one's existing ideas, as a result of new information or new experiences