1. Motion Maddie, Nathan, Colby, Aaron, Joseph

2. State and Explain Major Concepts - Speed is the rate at which distance is covered; it is measured in units of distance divided by time. - Instantaneous speed is the speed at any instant. - Average speed is the total distance covered divided by the time interval. - The velocity is constant only when the speed and the direction are both constant. - In physics, an object is considered to be accelerating when its speed is increasing, decreasing, and/or when the direction is changing. - Acceleration is measured in units of speed divided by time. - An object in free fall has a constant acceleration of about 10 m/s squared.

3. Historical Perspective 2,000 years ago Greek scientists didn't understand rate, therefore they couldn't explain motion which is described as the change in the position of an object with respect to time.

4. Application of Concepts Speed is a measure of how fast something is moving. it is the rate at which distance is covered. Speed is always measured in a unit of distance by a unit of time. - a cheetah is the fastest land animal over distances less than 500 meters and can achieve peak speeds of about 100km/hr - motion is relative, all motion is in relativity to something, everyone in this class right now seems to be sitting still, or not really moving much at all, but in relativity to the sun, everyone is moving about 30km/s.

5. Think and Explain Questions 1) An object can accelerate at constant speed but not at constant velocity because the direction of the object is moving in constant velocity while the object is moving in a straight path at constant speed. 2) There is no acceleration because the light is traveling in a straight line at a constant speed. 3) They have the same acceleration because their speed changed by the same ammount in the same ammount of time. 4) a. The spead readings would increase by 10 meters per second. b. The speed readings would change by 20 meters per second. 5) The readings for distance fallen of the rock would increase over time.

6. Cont. 6) a. The speed of the object decreases by 10 meters per second when thrown upward. b. The speed of the object would increase by 10 meters per second after it reaches the top and begins to fall downward. c. The time it takes for the ball is going compared to when it is going down are equal. 7)The object has only traveled 5 meters in a second because 10 meters per second is an average speed and there could be air resistance that slows the falling object. 8) a. The instantaneous speed of the freely- falling object is 100 meters per second. b. The average speed is 10 meters per second. c. It will travel 100 meters over the ten seconds it has fallen.

7. Review Questions 1. Motion is relative because the motion that we observe every day is in relation to the earth, and unobserved motion is in relation to the sun and stars. 2. Speed is the rate at which distance is covered. 3. 1km/s 4. Instantaneous speed is the speed at any given moment. The average speed is the average speed traveled during a particular period of time. 5. The speedometer gives the instananeous speed. 6. Speed is the rate at which distance is covered, while velocity is speed in any given direction. 7. You can't say the car has a constant velocity because you do not know what direction the car is traveling in. 8. The gas pedal and brake control the speed of the car. The steering wheel helps control the velocity. 9. Acceleration 10. The velocity changes. 11. It does not accelerate at a constant speed. 12. 10km/hs

8. Cont. 13. 2km, 4km, and 10km 14. When the direction is a straight line. 15. One is for the unit of speed while the other is for the interval of time. 16. 10 m/s 17. 50m/s and 60m/s 18. 10m/s^2 19. The instantaneous speed would be zero, and so would the acceleration. 20. 2.5 m/s and 3 m/s/ 21. 5m 22. 5m 23. Air resistance decreases the acceleration. 24. Fast: v=gt Far: d=1/2gt^2 25. It is the rate of a rate because acceleration is the rate at which velocity, which is a rate, changes.

9. Framing the Demonstration Motion is described by rates of velocity, speed, and acceleration. Motion is always relative to something else, and most commonly deals with relativity to the earth. Speed is the rate at which distance is covered. The two types of speed are instantaneous speed and average speed. Velocity is the speed of an object in any given direction. A change in speed or direction is considered a change in velocity. Acceleration is the rate at which velocity changes. It can be an increase or decrease in speed or a change in direction.

10. Materials -ramp -tennis ball -baseball -tape -marker -stopwatch

11. Step-by-Step Instructions -gather materials -set up ramp -lay down tape 2 meters away from the ramp and label -roll tennis ball and time how long it takes to roll three meters -roll baseball and time -calculate speed

12. Safety Precautions Stand out of way of balls

13. Table of Results ObjectDistanceTimeSpeed Baseball2 meters1.841.09 m/s Tennis ball2 meters2.560.78 m/s

14. Analysis The baseball travelled 2 meters in 1.84 seconds, the tennis ball travelled the same distance in 2.56 seconds. The baseball travelled the same distance in less time, and therefore travelled faster than the tennis ball proving that our hypothesis was correct.

15. Conclusion and Evaluation The baseball rolled two meters faster than the tennis ball did. Our hypothesis that the baseball would roll faster than the tennis ball was correct. The baseball rolled 0.31 m/s faster than the tennis ball