1. International Civil Aviation Organization Presented by: European and North Atlantic Office Challenges in the Air Transport Sector Euromed Aviation Project Air Transport Seminar Amman 17 and 18 October 2007 Christoph Kaupat

2. ICAO EUR/NAT Office Challenges in the Air Transport Sector17 and 18 October 2007 Air Transport Tradition - Bilateralism - Protectionist approaches - Equality of opportunity - Balancing of benefits - Reciprocity

3. ICAO EUR/NAT Office Challenges in the Air Transport Sector17 and 18 October 2007 Modern Trends Internal Forces: - Liberalization - Privatization - Globalization - Regionalization - Transnational ownership External Forces: - Financial Impacts - Constant Change - Restructuring - Threats

4. ICAO EUR/NAT Office Challenges in the Air Transport Sector17 and 18 October 2007 Key regulatory issues in liberalization - Market access - Freedoms of the Air - Traffic Rights - Airport slots - Environmental rules - Privatization, Ownership and control - Fair competition and safeguards - Alliances - Dispute resolution

5. ICAO EUR/NAT Office Challenges in the Air Transport Sector17 and 18 October 2007 Sustainability of carriers - Sustainability and state aid - Essential services and small markets - Preferential measures for developing countries

6. ICAO EUR/NAT Office Challenges in the Air Transport Sector17 and 18 October 2007 Other regulatory issues - Consumer rights - Transparency - Product distribution

7. ICAO EUR/NAT Office Challenges in the Air Transport Sector17 and 18 October 2007 ICAO work on … - Safeguard mechanism - Mechanism for fair competition participation - Dispute settlement “up to Ministerial level”, Mediation - Ownership and control - Codesharing - CRS Code of Conduct

8. ICAO EUR/NAT Office Challenges in the Air Transport Sector17 and 18 October 2007 Air services agreements More than 3,000 bilateral air services agreements between States. Since 1995:  600 agreements  70% with liberalization measures  85 “open skies”  85% of States involved in liberalization  65% involved in full market access arrangements

9. ICAO EUR/NAT Office Challenges in the Air Transport Sector17 and 18 October 2007 The GATS and Air Transport  Limited coverage  Liberalization mission  Current review (2000)  Prospects for expansion  Cross sectoral negotiating

10. ICAO EUR/NAT Office Challenges in the Air Transport Sector17 and 18 October 2007 MEDA-Region Developments - Arrival of Lo-cost Carriers -Armed conflicts -Serious Efforts to enhance safety and security in operations - Substantial Investments into infrastructure

11. ICAO EUR/NAT Office Challenges in the Air Transport Sector17 and 18 October 2007 Future Cooperation with the region European Union  EUROMED Aviation Project  Infrastructure investments  Bilateral air services agreements ICAO  Universal Safety Oversight Programme  COSCAP  Technical Co-Operation Programme

12. - END - Thank you for your attention