1. Kingdom Protoctista

2. Kingdom Protoctista Includes Protozoa and Algae
Some are microscopic, but some can be observed by the unaided eye
Some are unicellular organisms, but some are multicellular (i.e. made up of many cells) with a simple body structure
They DO have a nucleus and organelles
They are very abundant, free living in water or damp environment, or as parasites in other organisms

3. Protozoa (Singular: Protozoan)

4. Protozoa “Animal-like” protoctist
Found in wide range of habitats such as fresh water, sea water, soil and inside bodies of plants and animals, where moisture is available
Usually unicellular
Larger in size than bacteria
Do not have cell wall

5. Protozoa Lack chlorophyll – why is this significant?
Cannot carry out photosynthesis!
Feed on smaller organisms and small food particles
Motile – some of them possess flagella (singular: flagellum) or cilia (singular: cilium)

6. Flagella
Cilia

7. Protozoa
Examples of Protozoa:
Amoeba
Paramecium

8. Amoeba

9. Amoeba
Acanthamoeba are free-living amoeba commonly found in tap water. It can cause damages to the cornea. Always use sterile solution to clean contact lenses!

10. Paramecium

11. Algae (Singular: Alga)

12. Algae “Plant-like” protoctist Found in sea water and fresh water
Can be either unicellular or simple multicellular
Each cell is surrounded by a cell wall
Possess chloroplasts which contain chlorophyll and other photosynthetic pigments for making their own food by photosynthesis

13. Some different types
of algae

14. Algae
Examples of Algae:
Spirogyra
Seaweeds

15. Spirogyra

16. Seaweeds

17. Euglena
Euglena is a protoctist that shows a mixture of features of protozoa and algae. It contains chlorophyll and carries out photosynthesis, but it also feeds on smaller organisms. It has a flagellum and is able to move about in water.

18. What is the main difference between prokaryotes and protoctists?
Challenge
What is the main difference between prokaryotes and protoctists?
The presence of a distinct
nucleus in protoctists!!!