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Notes - DNA, Genes, and Chromosomes. Cells and DNA All organisms are made of one or more cells All organisms are made of one or more cells With few exceptions,

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Presentation on theme: "Notes - DNA, Genes, and Chromosomes. Cells and DNA All organisms are made of one or more cells All organisms are made of one or more cells With few exceptions,"— Presentation transcript:

1 Notes - DNA, Genes, and Chromosomes

2 Cells and DNA All organisms are made of one or more cells All organisms are made of one or more cells With few exceptions, all cells contain DNA With few exceptions, all cells contain DNA All organisms have DNA All organisms have DNA

3 What is the relationship between DNA, genes, and chromosomes? 1.DNA is found in all living things and carries the instructions to make proteins – A single DNA strand holds the information to build many different proteins

4 What is the relationship between DNA, genes, and chromosomes? 2.Chromosomes are strands of DNA that are coiled up – A chromosome holds the information to build many different proteins

5 Why does DNA exist in two forms? The DNA instructions can only be “read” and copied when the strand is unwound The DNA instructions can only be “read” and copied when the strand is unwound During cell division, the copied DNA must be sorted and separated into two new cells - In order to prevent the strands from getting tangled and damaged during cell division, they are wound into chromosomes During cell division, the copied DNA must be sorted and separated into two new cells - In order to prevent the strands from getting tangled and damaged during cell division, they are wound into chromosomes

6 What is the relationship between DNA, genes, and chromosomes? 3.Genes are pieces of DNA that hold the information to build 1 type of protein – A chromosome has many genes

7 What is the relationship between DNA, genes, and chromosomes?

8 Analogy Chromosomes are like phone books because chromosomes have many genes just like phone books have many phone numbers Chromosomes are like phone books because chromosomes have many genes just like phone books have many phone numbers

9 Analogy Genes are like phone numbers because genes hold the information to build 1 specific protein just like phone numbers hold the information to call 1 specific place Genes are like phone numbers because genes hold the information to build 1 specific protein just like phone numbers hold the information to call 1 specific place 385-4230 385-4230 calls Stratford calls Stratford High School High School

10 DNA, Gene, Chromosome Animation http://www.sciencenetlinks.com/interactiv es/dna.swf http://www.sciencenetlinks.com/interactiv es/dna.swf

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