1. Chemical Manufacturing Ontology CHAD STAHL

2. What is it? What is the purpose?  The Chemical Manufacturing Ontology is an ontology project which aims to create standardization among the various chemical manufacturers.  The ontology is broken down into several major sections; Manufacturers, Products, Qualities, Molecular Entities and Roles.

3. How would it be used?  Standardization: Keeping products organized among the four major branches of the chemical industry.  Simplicity: Inputs of a particular chemical can be listed on the ontology, as well as the actual processes and ratios needed to create such chemicals.  Aid in understanding each product.

4. What other ontologies were used?  Basic Formal Ontology (BFO) developed by Dr. Smith and Pierre Grenon.  It provided a formal structure to the ontology, as well as annotation properties and description information.  Chemical Entities of Biological Interest (CheBI) Ontology, which was useful for providing in- depth information regarding chemical entities and properties.

5. Upper-Level Class Example  Upper-level usage of the BFO format, utilizing the Continuant class-tree.  All super-classes created for the Chemical Manufacturing Ontology.  Annotation and Description properties.

6. Industry Class Example  Part of Industry class, showing potential producers or end-users of chemical products.  Annotation and Description properties.  Inputs, industries and outputs.

7. Industry: Petroleum Industry Information

8. Product Class Example  Sub-class down the Product class-tree, Ethanethiol.  An Aroma Compound used in the making of LPG (Butane or Propane).  Just one example of chemical product which can be organized this way.

9. Usage Example  The LPG class utilizing Ethanethiol.  Gives an overview of how the Role class is utilized throughout this ontology, as well as an overview of the Consumer Product class.

10. Product Class  Product class is the largest collection of classes, but only a fraction of the almost 70,000 individual chemical products in this industry.  The four major chemical branches are listed below. They are separated based on their intended use and customer  Basic Chemical Products  Consumer Chemical Products  Life Science Products  Specialty Chemical Products

11. Quality-Standard Class  Quality Standards among various Industries.  The example highlighted is the International Organization for Standardization, used across various industries.

12. Applications As stated before, it is my hope that this ontology can aid in:  Standardization of chemical classification among the industry, removing any cases of multiple inheritance which may persist in the chemical industry.  Simplification of the creation of and uses for chemical products.  That this project may serve as a free basic format for any organization hoping to expand upon the current listings or add to the format with professional expertise.

13. Issues/Problems  Only one major issue: multiple inheritance due to relaxed definitions of where a product may fall into.  The majority of chemical product groupings in this ontology were derived from where the product is more likely to be used.  Many chemical products are sold to down-stream chemical manufacturers (these fall into the Specialty or Basic Industrial categories).  In some cases these two overlap (Detergents, Surfactants, etc.) and the categorization is difficult.  A solution to this would be to implement a larger selection of Roles for very generic terms (soaps, detergents) and cut these terms out of the Product classes.

14. Questions?