1. The 1920s was berries man, and that ain’t no baloney….

2. Good times of Prosperity Prosperity : Prosperity : a successful, flourishing, or thriving condition, especially in financial respects; good fortune.WHY? Wages were rising Wages were rising Workers were spending money on new inventions like cars, radios and electric appliances – more money going into the economy meant a better economy Workers were spending money on new inventions like cars, radios and electric appliances – more money going into the economy meant a better economy Rural Canadians felt less isolated due to the telephone, radios and cars Rural Canadians felt less isolated due to the telephone, radios and cars People were suddenly confident in the economy and investing in the stock market, resulting in a boom People were suddenly confident in the economy and investing in the stock market, resulting in a boom

3. LEISURE New fashions: flappers were wild young women who dressed outrageously to attract attention New fashions: flappers were wild young women who dressed outrageously to attract attention Men greased back their hair and wore baggy pants, bow ties and bright hats Men greased back their hair and wore baggy pants, bow ties and bright hats Popular new music was jazz Popular new music was jazz Dancing became popular, especially the Charleston Dancing became popular, especially the Charleston Spectator sports became popular, including baseball, hockey and football Spectator sports became popular, including baseball, hockey and football Up until the 1920s, all movies were silent. Now “talkies” came out. Up until the 1920s, all movies were silent. Now “talkies” came out. Canadian actress Mary Pickford was known as “America’s Sweetheart” Canadian actress Mary Pickford was known as “America’s Sweetheart”

4. Unfortunately Flat tires thinking they are the cat’s meow always makin’ things all wet…

5. Politics Now Conservative Party Conservative Party Liberal Party Liberal Party

6. Politics Now Bloc Quebecois Bloc Quebecois New Democratic Party NDP New Democratic Party NDP Green Party Green Party

7. Politics Then – 20s/30s The two largest political parties were the same as now… The two largest political parties were the same as now… Liberals Vs. Conservatives Liberals Vs. Conservatives Liberal Leader MacKenzie King 1919 (following Laurier’s death) PM in 1921 Liberal Leader MacKenzie King 1919 (following Laurier’s death) PM in 1921 Conservative Leader R. B. Bennett PM in 1930 Conservative Leader R. B. Bennett PM in 1930

8. Politics Then (1920s) For places outside of Central Canada – the “roar” of prosperity of the 1920s was hardly felt in places where farming and fishing were the main industries. People were starting to feel that the business interests of Ontario and Quebec were directing the national agenda. This lead to protest movements in the West and the Maritimes.

9. Politics Then (1920s) Regional protest parties that developed in Canada Regional protest parties that developed in Canada 1) The Progressive Party 2) The Maritimes Rights Movement

10. Politics Then The Progressive Party which emerged in the 1920s representing the interests of farmers became the official opposition in the 1921 election winning more seats than the conservatives!! (64 seats PP, 50 CP) The Progressive Party which emerged in the 1920s representing the interests of farmers became the official opposition in the 1921 election winning more seats than the conservatives!! (64 seats PP, 50 CP) However the party did not last – the farmers were united on the tariff issue but divided on public control of railways and utilities and the marketing of grain. However the party did not last – the farmers were united on the tariff issue but divided on public control of railways and utilities and the marketing of grain. The Liberals lured away some of the Progressive voters and the 1930 election only saw them win 12 seats. The Liberals lured away some of the Progressive voters and the 1930 election only saw them win 12 seats. By 1932 the remaining Progressives joined with labour and farm groups to form the Cooperative Commonwealth Federation (CCF). By 1932 the remaining Progressives joined with labour and farm groups to form the Cooperative Commonwealth Federation (CCF).

11. Politics Then The Maritimes Rights Movement They believed that all of Canada was responsible for any region that was economically disadvantaged by its geographic location. They believed that all of Canada was responsible for any region that was economically disadvantaged by its geographic location. They wanted subsidies for Maritime provinces They wanted subsidies for Maritime provinces More international trade through ports such as Halifax, NS and Saint John, NB. More international trade through ports such as Halifax, NS and Saint John, NB. Higher tariffs to protect the region’s steel and coal industries Higher tariffs to protect the region’s steel and coal industries Depopulation of the Maritimes meant a drop in representatives in the House of Commons. Depopulation of the Maritimes meant a drop in representatives in the House of Commons. MacKenzie King did not want to lose the support of the growing West – so he did not grant the high tariff and American coal and steal flooded the Canadian market MacKenzie King did not want to lose the support of the growing West – so he did not grant the high tariff and American coal and steal flooded the Canadian market Discouraged the Maritime movement disbanded in 1926. Discouraged the Maritime movement disbanded in 1926.

12. 1930s Politics was all balled up with the new Big Cheese…

13. Politics Then (1930s) 1) Conservatives -R.B. Bennett’s New Deal (Came into power 1930-1935) Based on American model (Roosevelt’s New Deal) Based on American model (Roosevelt’s New Deal) Included: Included: -progressive taxation -maximum work week -maximum work week -minimum wage -unemployment insurance -old age pensions **Bennett lost the election to William Lyon MacKenzie King in 1935 (Liberal)

14. Politics Then 2) Co-operative Commonwealth Federation (CCF) founded in 1933 Led by J.S. Woodsworth Led by J.S. Woodsworth Party made up of farmers, labour leaders, intellectuals Party made up of farmers, labour leaders, intellectuals Wanted government support for the poor and unemployed Wanted government support for the poor and unemployed

15. Politics Then 3) Social Credit Party – gained power in 1935, founded in 1934 Thought citizens should spend their way out of the Depression Thought citizens should spend their way out of the Depression Leader William “Bible Bill” Aberhart proposed giving every adult $25/month Leader William “Bible Bill” Aberhart proposed giving every adult $25/month Won provincial election in Alberta in 1935 Won provincial election in Alberta in 1935

16. Politics Then 4) Union Nationale – gained power in 1936 Quebec party led by Maurice Duplessis Quebec party led by Maurice Duplessis Believed that Quebeckers should have more control over their own economy Believed that Quebeckers should have more control over their own economy Had lots of success in Quebec provincial politics Had lots of success in Quebec provincial politics

17. Politics Then 5) The Communist Party A small but active party led by Tim Buck A small but active party led by Tim Buck Known as the “red menace” (red was associated with revolution and the color of the communist Soviet Union flag) Known as the “red menace” (red was associated with revolution and the color of the communist Soviet Union flag) Wanted to change the Canada’s economic system by starting a revolution – rallies included workers and the unemployed Wanted to change the Canada’s economic system by starting a revolution – rallies included workers and the unemployed The party was outlawed and Buck was jailed from 1932-1934. The party was outlawed and Buck was jailed from 1932-1934.

18. Women in Politics – The Real McCoy…

19. Women in Politics Women gained the right to vote federally in 1918. Women gained the right to vote federally in 1918. They thought having the right to vote would bring greater equality for women and allow them a more active role in public life. They thought having the right to vote would bring greater equality for women and allow them a more active role in public life. By 1920, women won the right to vote in federal elections and provinicial elections with the exception of Quebec. By 1920, women won the right to vote in federal elections and provinicial elections with the exception of Quebec. The 1921 federal election was the first election where women over age of 21 could vote and run for political office. The 1921 federal election was the first election where women over age of 21 could vote and run for political office. Five women ran for office. Five women ran for office. Agnes Macphail (ON) was elected. Agnes Macphail (ON) was elected. She was re-elected 4 times and was an Member of Parliament (MP) until 1935. She was re-elected 4 times and was an Member of Parliament (MP) until 1935.

20. Women in Politics Macphail endured plenty of gender discrimination by her male colleagues and was treated condescendingly being called “lady” instead of by her name. Macphail endured plenty of gender discrimination by her male colleagues and was treated condescendingly being called “lady” instead of by her name. But she held her own. But she held her own. “I’m not a lady, I’m an MP. This old-fashioned chivalry is all hollow. It means nothing except men think women inferior. I’m no Gulf stream in the cold ocean of political life.” “I’m not a lady, I’m an MP. This old-fashioned chivalry is all hollow. It means nothing except men think women inferior. I’m no Gulf stream in the cold ocean of political life.” Men would say “Don’t you wish you were a man?” Her response: “Don’t you?” Men would say “Don’t you wish you were a man?” Her response: “Don’t you?”

21. Women in Politics - Persons Case Constitutionally women were not “persons” in Canada until October of1929. Constitutionally women were not “persons” in Canada until October of1929. Declarations under the British North American Act declared that only “qualified persons” could become senators. Other laws had similar wordings. Declarations under the British North American Act declared that only “qualified persons” could become senators. Other laws had similar wordings. Five Alberta women led the challenge to prove and win that yes, women were persons under the law. Five Alberta women led the challenge to prove and win that yes, women were persons under the law. The famous five as they became known saw the legal battle last through a decade: The famous five as they became known saw the legal battle last through a decade: 1) Emily Murphy, first woman judge in British Empire 2) Irene Parlby, first woman cabinet minister in Canada 3) Nellie McClung, Member of Alberta legislature 4) Henrietta Edwards and Louise McKinney- suffragists and prohibitionists After the “persons case” the women’s movement lost momentum until the 1960s! After the “persons case” the women’s movement lost momentum until the 1960s!