1. Chapter 4 LINUX Shells

2. Table 4.1 Shell Locations and Program Names

3. Figure 4.1 Shell families and their relative functionalities

4. Table 4.2 Shell Similarities and Disimilarities

5. Table 4.2 Shell Similarities and Disimilarities (continued from previous slide)

6. Table 4.3 Some Useful Shell Built-In Commands

7. Table 4.4 Shell Environment Variables

8. Table 4.5 Shell Startup Files for Bash and TC Shells

9. Shell Startup Files Startup files set environment variables and set the initial behavior of the shell Bash first runs the file /etc/profile Additional startup files have names that start with “.” which denotes a hidden file

10. Figure 4.2 An illustration of the write command (continued on next slide)

11. Figure 4.2 An illustration of the write command (continued from previous slide

12. Table 4.6 Some Useful Aliases

13. Some Useful Commands Directory commands: pwd, mkdir, rmdir, ls File display commands: cat, more, less File printing: lpr Calendar display: cal Instant Messaging: write, talk (can be enabled or disabled using mesg) Email notification: enabled or disabled using biff Aliasing: create an alias name for long commands (alias, and unalias) System statistics: uptime, ps

14. Shell Metacharacters Metacharacters are characters that have a special meaning to the shell Metacharacters can be used as regular characters by preceding them with “\”

15. Table 4.7 Shell Metacharacters (continued on next slide)

16. Table 4.7 Shell Metacharacters (continued from previous slide)