1. 20 pt 30 pt 40 pt 50 pt 10 pt 20 pt 30 pt 40 pt 50 pt 10 pt 20 pt 30 pt 40 pt 50 pt 10 pt 20 pt 30 pt 40 pt 50 pt 10 pt 20 pt 30 pt 40 pt 50 pt 10 pt The CellOrganelles Cellular Processes The Cell Membrane Cell Pot Pourri

2. These are the four main types of macromolecules that are found in cells.

3. What are carbohydrates, proteins, lipids and nucleic acids?

4. Cellular components (ie – what type of structures found in the cell) and the stuff the cell produces is indicative of...

5. What is cellular function (remember the structure/function relationship)?

6. This is the best explanation as to the reason why cells are so small.

7. What is surface area to volume ratio (and the need for the plasma membrane to be large enough to support nutrient needs of cell and get rid of cellular waste)?

8. These short cellular extensions, represented by #1 above, help move particles across the external surface of human cells.

9. What are cilia?

10. Represented by #2, this secretory vesicle undergoing the process of exocytosis would most likely contain this type of macromolecule.

11. What are protein molecules?

12. This organelle serves as the brain of the cell.

13. What is the nucleus?

14. This is the organelle within the cell that enables the production of ATP.

15. What is the mitochondria?

16. These vesicles within the cell act as the policemen of the cell – breaking down worn out organelles, digesting food and ridding the cell of foreign particles, such as bacteria.

17. What are lysosomes?

18. Represented by #4 above, this set of cellular membranes serve as a packaging and distribution center for proteins & lipids.

19. What is the Golgi Apparatus?

20. Cells that secrete lots of protein would have a very extensive endoplasmic reticulum studded with these.

21. What are attached ribosomes?

22. This is the process where one somatic cell divides into two cells.

23. What is mitosis?

24. These are the only types of cells that undergo meiosis.

25. What are the gametes (sperm & egg)?

26. This is the process of DNA being copied into mRNA in the nucleus.

27. What is transcription?

28. The process where mRNA exits the nucleus, finds a ribosome and converted into a protein.

29. What is translation?

30. This is a specialized form of endocytosis where specific molecules are brought into the cell.

31. What is receptor- mediated endocytosis?

32. This is the type of molecule that forms the double-layered plasma membrane of the cell.

33. What are phospholipids?

34. These types of large molecules float in the plasma membrane and serve as membrane channels, carrier molecules, and enzymes among other things

35. What are proteins?

36. Both oxygen and carbon dioxide can travel across the plasma membrane via this process.

37. What is diffusion? E.C. – Why will these molecules diffuse across the membrane?

38. The relative polarity of the structure indicated by #2.

39. What is polar – phospholipid heads are hydrophilic?

40. Indicated by #4, this type of protein molecule enables what type of molecule to cross the membrane.

41. What are polar molecules and/or ions?

42. The beginning of all things living starts here.

43. What is the cell?

44. These mini-organs, so to speak, are found in varying quantities in every cell and facilitate cellular processes ranging from energy production to synthesis of lipids.

45. What are organelles?

46. Name three types of macromolecules found within the cell membrane.

47. What are phospholipids, carbohydrates, proteins and/or cholesterol?

48. This type of ribosome is used for manufacturing proteins that are used inside the cell.

49. What are free ribosomes?

50. This cellular organelle serves as the cell’s internal bone structure – providing support and helping the cell maintain its shape.

51. What is the cytoskeleton?