1. European Organization for Nuclear Research

2. Topics Founding Organization The accelerator Experiments Practical applications Video?

3. History – How did it all start? Founded in 1954 Unites scientists from all across Europe Also for sharing costs No military function Location: Geneva 12 founding members: Belgium, Denmark, France, the Federal Republic of Germany, Greece, Italy, the Netherlands, Norway, Sweden, Switzerland, the United Kingdom, and Yugoslavia

4. Goals Research: Seeking and finding answers to questions about the Universe Technology: Advancing the frontiers of technology Collaborating: Bringing nations together through science Education: Training the scientists of tomorrow

5. Organization – truly international Members Finances 12 member states 8 observer states but many more participants… 2600 full time employees 8000 scientist and engineers 580 universities 85 nationalities 100 languages Member fees paid by member states Contributions proportional to the GDP Most significant: Germany, France, UK 2011 total budget: 1075.6 million CHF  250 billion HUF

8. Geneva

10. PS 1959 (628 m) SPS 1976 (7 km) LHC 2007 (27 km)

11. Experiments

13. Detectors ATLAS CMS A Toroidal LHC Apparatus General purpose detector Looking for signs of new physics Origins of mass and extra dimension Compact Muon Solenoi General purpose detector Looks for the Higgs boson Nature of dark matter

14. Detectors ALICE LHCb A Large Ion Collider Experiment Quark-gluon plasma A fluid form of matter Existed shortly after the Big Bang Heavy ion collisions Large Hadron Collider beauty What happened to the missing antimatter?

15. Some questions Does the Higgs boson exist? – Is the Standard Model correct or are the Higgsless alternatives right? Supersymmetry: do all particles have supersymmetric partners? String theory: are there extra dimensions? What is the nature of the dark matter? What is the nature and what are the properties of the quark-gluon plasma?

16. Why do we need it? – Practical applications Goal: understand the world Long-term investment Without fundamental research there is no innovation WEB GRID PET: positron-emission tomography Cancer treatments

17. Questions? Thank you for your attention!