1. Imaging Systems in Radiology
Ch 18
Imaging Systems in Radiology

2. Workflow of images in radiology
Printing of Image on film
Radiologist
Referring
Physician
Digital mages
CT, MR, US
Printing of Image on film
Radiologist

3. Problems encountered with this system
Difficult to install and maintain
Platform (and vendor) dependent
Close system

4. What is DICOM? DICOM – Digital Imaging and Communication in Medicine
A standard for exchanging digital information between medical imaging equipment and other systems (EHR) in insuring interoperability.
The standard is a set of protocols between two devices.
Standards were developed by the American College of Radiologists (ACR)
Agreed upon standards for transmitting data. This standard created by the National Electrical Manufacturer Association (NEMA) to aid the distribution and viewing of medical images such as CT scans, MRIs and ultrasound.

5. DICOM Information Model
Service Class
Specification
specifies related
SOP Class(es)
defined as
Service Group
applied to an
Information Object
Definition
A single DICOM file contains both a header (which stores information about the patient’s name, type of scan, image dimensions, etc)
is a group of
contains
DIMSE Services
Attributes

6. Picture-archiving and communications system (PACS)
PACS is a integrated computer system that acquires, stores, retrieves, and displays digital images.

7. Picture Archiving and Communication System
PACS
Picture Archiving and Communication System CT
MRI
Ultrasound
Laser Scanner
Image Database
PACS sdtands for Picture Archiving and Communication Systems, a package of software whereby images are stored and transmitted between modalities and computers.
Workstation
Workstation
Review-station
Review-station

8. Image Acquisition
Acquires PACS that must obtain images in digital form.
Maintains Database

9. Image display capabilities
Implements a Query/Retrieval service
Considering special display capabilities
3D, 4D data places greater demands to calculate and redisplay oblique slices.
Configuration of storage areas

10. Image Storage
Image storage requirements-differ by facility, by image modalities (CT, MRI)
xray 2048x2560 pixels per image
MRI 256x256 pixels per image
CT-512x512 pixels per image

11. Ability to view images from internet
Display medical images on a web browser
Load DICOM files from the Internet
Perform various Image manipulations
Build a user-friendly interface

17. DICOM CLIENT Output Files DICOM SERVER IMAGE ARCHIVE HTTP patientQuery
patientStudies
moveStudy
moveSeries
showImage
studyQuery
DICOM CLIENT
Output Files
DICOM
DICOM SERVER
DICOM
IMAGE ARCHIVE