1. Dr. Sonia Siddiqui Dr. Panjwani Centre For Molecular Medicine and Drug Research (PCMD) Core Course MM # 707 Electrophysiology: Patch Clamp

2. 3T3 cells

4. Results: Effect of cardamom extracts (Butanol) on 3T3 cell line Control Butanol extracts (10 ug/ml) Butanol extracts (20 ug/ml) Original recording graphs showing the same duration (100 msec) of the opening of the channels in B1 and B2 when compared to controls. However B2 increases outward rectifying potassium currents

5. Results: Effect of cardamom extracts (D1-D3 hydroalcoholic phase) on 3T3 cell line C D1 (10 ug/ml)D2 (15 ug/ml)D3 (20 ug/ml)

6. Results: Effect of cardamom extracts (EthylAcetate) on 3T3 cell line C EA1 EA2

7. Results: Effect of cardamom extracts (n-Hexane) on 3T3 cell line Cn-Hexane-1n-Hexane-2

8. Postnatal Hippocampal neurons Identification of hippocampal neurons Pattern of hippocampal firing Pattern of cortical neurons firing Effect of size of the cell body of a neuron Effects from Differentiated neurons on the currents Identification of 3T3 cell line Pulse Protocol for Na and K+ currents -110mV -60mV 60mV -55mV / holding potential

9. Results: Hippocampal neurons

10. Results: Effect of peptide (P1 ) on Cortical neurons C After 5 mins After 10 mins

11. Results: Effect of peptide (P2 ) on Cortical neurons C After 5 minsAfter 10 mins

12. Results Effect of peptides isolated from bacteria on cortical neurons Control After 5minAfter 10min

13. Results: Effect of peptide (P3) on Hippocampal neurons K+ channels C After 5 mins After 10 mins K+ channels C After 5 mins After 10 mins

14. Results: Effect of peptide (P4 ) on hippocampal neurons

15. Results: Methonolic Nicotinum Tobacom Extract (0.5mg/ml) Methonolic Extract was tested on hippocampal cultured neurons. We found that it blocks delayed rectified Potassium currents NA Control Currents were normalized by cell capacitance (pA/pF)

16. Results Centella Asiatica Extract (0.5mg/ml) On K + and Na + Currents Asiaticoside, an active constituent in methanol and ethylacetate extracts of C. asiatica, has anxiolytic activity. The extracts of C. asiatica, except Aqueous extract, possess anticonvulsant and neuroprotective activity and thus can be used for effective management in treatment of epileptic seizures. Methonolic Extract was tested on hippocampal cultured neurons. We found that it does not effect delayed rectified Potassium currents Control CA Control Na currents 2

17. Results Centella Asiatica Extract (0.5mg/ml) On Sodium Currents Methonolic Extract was tested on hippocampal cultured neurons. We found that it reduces Sodium currents. This is in consistent with the previous reported studies by Visweswari et al., 2011. This medicinal herb used as an anticonvulsant and for enhanced memory. The most important ingredients in methonolic extract is Asiaticoside which has an anxiolytic activity. Control CA Wash

18. Results Centella Asiatica Extract (0.5mg/ml) On Sodium Currents

19. Results: Serpindus Trifalitus extract (0.5mg/ml) On hippocampal K Currents ControlST Transient K Currents Sustained K Currents

20. Results: Serpindus Trifalitus extract (0.5mg/ml) On hippocampal Na Currents Control ST We observed that after 2-3 min application of Serpindus Trifalitus extract all cells were died in culture plate

21. Results: Co-cultured Hippocampal neurons