3. Effects of War

4. Physical Increased mortality Physical trauma (eg. bombs, landmines) Infectious diseases (eg. diarrhoeal diseases, respiratory infection) Deaths avoidable through health care (eg. emergency intervention, preventive measures, medication)

5. krison tan / hs / hci / 2008 Physical Increased morbidity Injuries due to physical trauma (eg. weapons, burns, poisoning) Injuries due to increased societal violence, including sexual violence Infectious diseases: water-related (eg. cholera, typhoid), vector-borne (eg. malaria), and other communicable diseases (eg. TB, AIDS) Reproductive health: more stillbirths and premature births, more babies with low birth weight and more delivery complications Nutrition: acute and chronic malnutrition and deficiency disorders

6. krison tan / hs / hci / 2008 Physical Physical Deformity Caused by Agent Orange to Vietnamese

7. krison tan / hs / hci / 2008 Psychological Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder the person experienced, witnessed, or was confronted with an event or events that involved actual or threatened death or serious injury, or a threat to the physical integrity of self or others. the person's response involved intense fear, helplessness, or horror.

8. krison tan / hs / hci / 2008 Psychological Possible Symptoms recurrent and upsetting memories about the trauma flashbacks, feelings of reliving the traumatic eventflashbacks nightmares about the trauma avoidance of reminders of the traumatic event, including places, people, activities, thoughts, feelings, and conversations difficulty remembering important aspects of the trauma difficulty concentrating irritability or angry outbursts difficulty sleeping

9. krison tan / hs / hci / 2008 Psychological Possible Symptoms being easily startled feelings of emotional numbness less interest in usual activities guilt about others who were hurt or died during the trauma feelings of distance from other people or inability to show affection and love

10. krison tan / hs / hci / 2008 Relational Jose Hernandez when he returned home to Cincinnati after serving in Iraq. It was the lock on the front door. He couldn't relax until he secured it twice, three times and sometimes more. Even then he was still on edge. "I kept thinking about the things I saw over there—shooting on the streets, dead bodies and the terror in people's eyes. I couldn't get it out of my mind," says Hernandez, who served in the Army's 101st Airborne Division. He stopped sleeping, withdrew from friends and dropped plans to go back to college. His girlfriend finally demanded that he get help.

11. krison tan / hs / hci / 2008 Relational Help came too late for Marine reservist Jeffrey Lucey. In July 2003, he returned home to Belchertown, Mass., from Iraq and gradually sank into a deep depression. His family looked on in anguish as he began drinking too much and isolating himself from their close-knit clan. By spring of 2004, he'd stopped sleeping, eating and attending college. Frantic, family members had him committed to a psychiatric hospital but he was soon released. A few weeks later he crashed the family car, and the following month a neighbor found him wandering the streets in the middle of the night dressed in full camouflage with two battle knives he'd been issued in Iraq. Last June, Jeffrey Lucey hanged himself in the basement of his family home.

12. krison tan / hs / hci / 2008 Physical Task 1.Write 2 sentences describing your physical suffering ending with a negative adjective. 2.Write 2 sentences describing one of your family member’s physical suffering ending with a negative adjective. 3. Write 2 sentences describing the majority of the society’s physical suffering ending with a negative adjective. e.g. My eyes, dripping with blood, painful.

13. krison tan / hs / hci / 2008 Relational Task 1.Write 2 sentences describing your problematic relationship with your friends ending with a negative adjective. 2. Write 2 sentences describing your problematic relationship with your family ending with a negative adjective. 3. Write 2 sentences describing your problematic interaction with the general public ending with a negative adjective. E.g. for No. 3 – With the noodle seller I am distanced.

14. krison tan / hs / hci / 2008 Psychological Task 1.Write 2 sentences describing your symptom beginning with a negative adjective. 2.Write 2 sentences describing one of your family member’s symptom beginning with a negative adjective. 3. Write 2 sentences describing the majority of the society’s symptom beginning with a negative adjective. E.g. Numbed from feelings I am

15. krison tan / hs / hci / 2008 Literature In English IDS Week Sec 2 Krison Tan/HS/HCI/2007 affectionateamiableangry assertivebittercalm casualclearcolloquial condescendingconversationalcrude cynicaldefiantdetached distantdogmaticdramatic earnestfactualflat frivolousemotionalgloomy good-humouredheavyidealistic impersonalindecisiveindignant intenseintimateironic joyfullight-heartedmajestic mockingmorbidmournful mysticaloppressivepassionate personalpersuasivephilosophical playfulpleasantreflective refreshingrelaxedresounding reverentsarcasticsardonic savageserioussolemn soothingstridenttender thoughtfulunderstatedwhimsical witty Suggested Word List

16. krison tan / hs / hci / 2008 Reference www.medact.org/content/wmd_and_conflict/Medact%20 Iraq%202004.pdfwww.medact.org/content/wmd_and_conflict/Medact%20 Iraq%202004.pdf http://mentalhealth.about.com/cs/traumaptsd/a/trauma.h tmhttp://mentalhealth.about.com/cs/traumaptsd/a/trauma.h tm http://karmakat.typepad.com/picasso_dreams/art_of_wa r/http://karmakat.typepad.com/picasso_dreams/art_of_wa r/ http://www.msnbc.msn.com/id/6597101/site/newswe ek/http://www.msnbc.msn.com/id/6597101/site/newswe ek/ http://www.withfriendship.com/user/tuyen/agent- orange.php