1. Nuclear & Hadron Physics Group at Yonsei Univ. BNL 2003 Su Houng Lee, Yonsei Univ. P.Morath, S.Kim, SHL, W.Weise, PRL 82 (99) 3396 S. Kim, SHL, NPA 679 (01) 517 Y.Oh, S Kim, SHL, PRC 65 (02) 067901 SHL, C.Ko, PRC 67 (03) 038202 QCD 2 nd order Stark Effect and Heavy Quark Systems

2. Nuclear & Hadron Physics Group at Yonsei Univ. BNL 2003 QCD Vacuum is non perturbative symmetry breaking… Light Hadron masses are O(GeV) whereas light quark masses are less than 10 MeV The lowest dimensional QCD Operator characterizing the non perturbative vacuum are,

3. Nuclear & Hadron Physics Group at Yonsei Univ. BNL 2003 Light quark propagation in QCD Vacuum (QCD OPE) + ………….. Sensitive to vacuum quark and gluon field configuration at small q rho mass (770MeV), nucleon (938MeV) Heavy quark propagation in QCD Vacuum (QCD OPE) At heavy quark limit, sensitive to vacuum gluon field configuration J/psi eta_c mass difference

4. Nuclear & Hadron Physics Group at Yonsei Univ. BNL 2003 At high T, quark and gluon condensates changes Karsch 03 Diacommo 87, SHL 88, The Heavy quark potential (Karsch et.al.) E(T=0) E(T)

5. Nuclear & Hadron Physics Group at Yonsei Univ. BNL 2003 At finite T 1. Everything takes place only near T_c 1. Everything takes place only near T_c 2. Effects are difficult to observe in Heavy ion collision 2. Effects are difficult to observe in Heavy ion collision On the other hand, Heavy nuclei provides a constant density where, from low energy theorem

6. Nuclear & Hadron Physics Group at Yonsei Univ. BNL 2003 Vacuum Heavy Nuclei

7. Nuclear & Hadron Physics Group at Yonsei Univ. BNL 2003 Hydrogen Atom in external field 2 nd order Stark Effect

8. Nuclear & Hadron Physics Group at Yonsei Univ. BNL 2003 QCD 2 nd order Stark Effect (proportional to dipole size) ( Peskin78; formalism. Luke Manohar 92; J/psi mass shift. SHL: BS amplitude) Mass shift at nuclear matter -8 MeV -50 MeV -100 MeV -140 MeV

9. Nuclear & Hadron Physics Group at Yonsei Univ. BNL 2003 How reliable is the LO QCD result? (If same formalism is applied to Charmonium absorption by nucleon) Peskin, Bhanhot (78) Kharzeev, Satz (95) SHL,Y.Oh,S.Kim (01) consistent with anaylsis of Fermilab p-A data at 10 GeV center of mass energy by Hufner and Kopeliovich (00)

10. Nuclear & Hadron Physics Group at Yonsei Univ. BNL 2003 Other Approaches for Charmonium mass shift in nulcear matter: Quantum numbers QCD 2 nd Stark eff. Potential model QCD sum rules Effects of DD loop 1 -- Peskin, Luke, – 8 MeV Brodsky et al. -10 MeV Klingle, SHL,Weise – 7 MeV SHL, Ko <2 MeV 0,1,2 ++ SHL -40 MeV SHL -60 MeV No effect on chi_1 1 -- -100 MeV< 30 MeV 1 -- -140 MeV< 30 MeV

11. Nuclear & Hadron Physics Group at Yonsei Univ. BNL 2003 Can we observe this? Anti-Proton Nucleus In coming energy w (for all charmonium ) X (for all vector state) photon invariant mass s (for all chi states ) or J/psi-photon invariant mass

12. Nuclear & Hadron Physics Group at Yonsei Univ. BNL 2003 First mehtod have been used at Fermilab E835

13. Nuclear & Hadron Physics Group at Yonsei Univ. BNL 2003 Expected shifts from a nuclear target including Fermi momentum of the nucleons

14. Nuclear & Hadron Physics Group at Yonsei Univ. BNL 2003 Expected shifts in the invariant mass spectrum from a nuclear target including collision broadening

15. Nuclear & Hadron Physics Group at Yonsei Univ. BNL 2003 Such experiment can be done at 1. Fermi Lab (E835) ⇒ Changing to a nuclear Target. 2. GSI planned accelerator facility ⇒ anti proton project (1-15 GeV) SIS100/200 HESR

16. Nuclear & Hadron Physics Group at Yonsei Univ. BNL 2003 Conclusion Conclusion 1. Observing Mass shift of heavy quark system in nuclear matter (QCD 2 nd order Stark effect) ⇒ give insight into QCD dynamics and physical consequences due to change in QCD vacuum. 2. Hints, (Kaczmarek, Engels, Karsch, Laermann 99)