1. CHC2D

2. BACKGROUND TO TRENCH WARFARE Trench warfare is a form of war in which both opposing armies have static lines of defense. Trench warfare arose when there was a revolution in firepower without similar advances in mobility and communications

3. DIAGRAM – HOW TO BUILD A TRENCH

4. THE REALITIES OF THE TRENCHES

5. GERMAN TRENCHES

6. ARIEL VIEW OF THE TRENCHES

7. LIFE IN THE TRENCHES An individual soldier's time in the front-line trench varied; from as little as one day to as much as two weeks at a time before being relieved. 53 days straight by an Australian battalion was the longest recorded during WWI

8. Soldiers were expected to carry all of their equipment with them at all times. They were supposed to keep it clean and in good condition – they were members of the British Army after all.

9. How the uniform and equipment changed after just three weeks in the trenches…

10. FIELD KITCHEN

11. FIELD RATIONS

12. No smiling and relaxed faces… No clean uniforms… Their equipment is scattered everywhere… Boredom and sleep are obvious…

14. Posters always showed men ready and willing to fight. They never showed the boredom of the trenches or actual fighting taking place. Why do you think the government showed no fighting?

15. DISEASE ► World War I's greatest killer was disease. ► Sanitary conditions in the trenches were quite poor,. ► Poor hygiene also and common infections included dysentery, typhus, and cholera led to fungal conditions, such as trench foot.

16. LICE

18. The soldiers had very little decent food, and what food they had was often attacked by rats. These rats were the size of small rabbits and badgers because they had fed on the decomposing bodies of dead soldiers.

24. SHELL SHOCK

26. ATTACKING AN ENEMY TRENCH

27. The Canadian government wanted to encourage men to enlist for war. They said the war would be safe, hardly any fighting, a good lark and over by Christmas. They used advertising posters to encourage this idea! A picture of soldiers going ‘Over the Top’

28. The reality of ‘going over the top’ was very different!

29. GOING OVER THE TOP

30. BARBED WIRE

31. WHAT DANGERS ARE REPRESENTED IN THIS PHOTOGRAPH?

33. BURIAL ► Burial of the dead was usually a luxury that neither side could easily afford. ► The bodies would lie in no man's land until the front line moved, by which time the bodies were often unidentifiable. On some battlefields, such as at the Nek in Gallipoli, the bodies were not buried until after the war. ► On the Western Front, bodies continue to be found as fields are ploughed and building foundations dug.