1. information engineering

2. James Martin (author) - Information Engineering
Information Engineering (IE) is an approach to designing and developing information systems. It has a somewhat chequered history that follows two very distinct threads. It is said to have originated in Australia between 1976 and 1980, and appears first in the literature in 1981 in the Savant Institute publication Information Engineering by James Martin and Clive Finkelstein.

3. James Martin (author) - Information Engineering
Information Engineering first provided data analysis and database design techniques that could be used by database administrators (DBAs) and by systems analysts to develop database designs and systems based upon an understanding of the operational processing needs of organisations for the 1980s.

4. Information engineering
In software engineering, Information engineering (IE) or information engineering methodology (IEM) is an approach to designing and developing information systems. It can also be considered as the generation, distribution, analysis and use of information in systems.

5. Information engineering - Overview
Examples include bioinformatics in which information engineering tackles the high-throughput biological data for analysis and better biological understanding.

6. Information engineering - Overview
Information engineering has many purposes, including organization planning, business re-engineering, application development, information systems planning and systems re-engineering.

7. Information engineering - History
Information engineering has a somewhat chequered history that follows two very distinct threads. It originated in Australia between 1976 and 1980, and appears first in the literature in a series of six InDepth articles by the same name published by US Computerworld in May - June 1981.

8. Information engineering - History
He also co-authored with James Martin the influential Savant Institute Report titled: "Information Engineering", published in Nov 1981.

9. Information engineering - History
Martin himself had significant stakes in at least four CASE tool vendors - InTech (Excelerator), Higher Order Software, KnowledgeWare, originally Database Design Inc, (Information Engineering Workbench) and James Martin Associates, originally DMW and now Headstrong (the original designers of the Texas Instruments' Information Engineering Facility and the principal developers of the methodology).

10. Information engineering - IE variants
There are two variants of information engineering. These are called the DP-driven variant and the business-driven variant.

11. Information engineering - IE variants
DP-driven : The DP-driven variant of Information engineering was designed to enable IS Departments to develop information systems that satisfied the information needs of the 1980s - which was largely a DP-driven development environment. Most of the CASE tools available today support this DP-driven variant of IE.

12. Information engineering - IE variants
Business-driven: IE was extended into strategic business planning for the business-driven variant of information engineering. This variant was designed for rapid change in the client/server, object-oriented environment of the business-driven 1990s.

13. Information engineering - Software tools
There are several tools supporting Information engineering

14. Information engineering - Software tools
Information engineering Facility (IEF) from Texas Instruments Software. This was subsequently sold to Sterling Software and then to Computer Associates. It still exists, in an evolved form within the Advantage suite. As of 2006 referred to as ALL:Fusion Gen, capable of generating J2EE and JAVA web applications in addition to legacy client/server and mainframe platforms.

15. Information engineering - Further reading
Clive Finkelstein (1989). An Introduction to Information engineering : From Strategic Planning to Information Systems. Sydney: Addison-Wesley.

16. Information engineering - Further reading
Ian Macdonald (1988). "Automating the Information engineering Methodology with the Information engineering Facility". In: Computerized Assistance during the Information Systems Life Cycle. T.W. Olle et al. (ed.). North-Holland.

17. Information engineering - Further reading
James Martin and Clive Finkelstein. (1981). Information engineering. Technical Report (2 volumes), Savant Institute, Carnforth, Lancs, UK.

18. Information engineering - Further reading
James Martin (1989). Information engineering. (3 volumes), Prentice-Hall Inc.

19. Information Engineering Facility
'CA Gen' is a Computer Aided Software Engineering (CASE) application development environment marketed by CA Technologies. Gen was previously known as 'IEF' ('Information Engineering Facility'), 'Composer by IEF', 'Composer', 'COOL:Gen', 'Advantage:Gen' and 'AllFusion Gen'.

20. Information Engineering Facility
The toolset originally supported the information engineering methodology developed by Clive Finkelstein, James Martin (author)|James Martin and others in the early 1980s. Early versions supported IBM's IBM DB2|DB2 database, IBM 3270|3270 'block mode' screens and generated COBOL code.

21. Information Engineering Facility - Overview
It was initially produced by Texas Instruments, with input from James Martin (author)|James Martin and his consultancy firm James Martin Associates, and was based on the Information Engineering Methodology (IEM). The first version was launched in 1987.

22. Information Engineering Facility - Overview
In 1997, Composer had another change of branding, Texas Instruments sold the Texas Instruments Software division, including the Composer rights, to Sterling Software. Sterling software changed the well known name Information Engineering Facility to COOL:Gen. COOL was an acronym for Common Object Oriented Language - despite the fact that there was little Object-oriented programming|object orientation in the product.

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