3. Transcription control elements (DNA sequences) are binding sites for transcription factors, proteins that regulate transcription from an associated promoter. Activators stimulate transcription. Repressors inhibit transcription.

4. AATTGGGGCGGGGC CCCCGCCCCGTTAA ( ) n Hybridize and ligate AATTGGGGCGGGGCAATTGGGGCGGGGCAATTGGGGCGGGGC…………………… CCCCGCCCCGTTAACCCCGCCCCGTTAACCCCGCCCCG…………………… AATTGGGGCGGGGCAATTGGGGCGGGGCAATTGGGGCGGGGC…………………… CCCCGCCCCGTTAACCCCGCCCCGTTAACCCCGCCCCG…………………… Specific sequence DNA affinity column Covalently link synthetic, Ligated DNA to a solid support

5. Obtain amino acid sequence from isolated transcription factor. Search the cDNA (EST) data base for a cDNA that encodes the transcription factor. Insert this into an expression vector. Assay the ability of the transfected expression vector to stimulate reporter gene expression from a co-transfected reporter plasmid.

7. WT or mutant Gal4 Gal4 s WT or mutant Gal4 Expression vector:

8. Fig. 11-17

11. E. coli LexA yeast Gal4 aa738--823 C N E. coli LexA C N Expression vector for: or LexA binding sites :

12. Gal4 reporter LexA reporter LexA vector  galactosidase units 400 800 1200 LexA-Gal4(738-823) vector + _ _ _ + + + + _ _ _ _ _ _ + + 1600 2000

13. Fig. 11-18

14. Fig. 4-17

16. Fig. 11-20

17. Interface of 434 repressor with operator DNA (lower monomer and dimer Interface)

18. Fig. 3-6

19. Fig. 2-13

20. Sequences of C 2 H 2 zinc-fingers in TFIIIA

21. Fig. 11-21 Zinc-finger protein (C 2 H 2 type)