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Absolute Monarchs in Europe 1550-1800 Chapter 5
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Essential Questions * What does “absolute” mean? For sure, without a doubt, certainly, completely * What is a “monarch”? A king or queen * How does someone become a monarch? Birth or marriage
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Essential Questions * What could be some benefits of living in a place ruled by a monarch? * What could be some disadvantages of living in a place ruled by a monarch? * How could a monarch prove or show his power and importance to his people?
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Definition of Absolute Monarch AKA “Control Freaks”!!! Kings or Queens who: 1) Believed all power within their state’s boundaries rested in their hands 2) Tried to control all aspects of society 3) Believed in “divine right”- the idea that God created the monarchy and that the monarch acted as God’s representative on Earth; a monarch answered to God (not his/her people)
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Reasons for Absolutism War and Unrest –High taxes –Need for social order monarchs increase their power –Large armies Centralized Authority –Feudalism declined –Rise of cities –Rise of nations
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Reasons for Absolutism Wealth from colonies allows monarchs to pay for ambitions Church authority declines Middle class support monarchs (peace is good for business)
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Examples Phillip II (Spain) Louis XIV (France) Maria Theresa (Austria) Frederick the Great (Prussia) Peter the Great (Russia)
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