1. Fermilab Feb.5, 2007, Beijing N.Solyak -1- Main Linac Magnet Systems and Instrumentation Work Packages for EDR Nikolay Solyak, John Tompkins, Vladimir Kashikhin Graham Blair, Phil Burrows Marc Ross, Manfred Wendt Junji Urakawa

2. Fermilab Feb.5, 2007, Beijing N.Solyak -2- Guidance from R&D Board (Mark Ross) 1.What RD priorities are indicated by RDR cost? Are these different from ongoing priorities and efforts? Are the cost interactions of ACD known well enough to allow this prioritizations? 2.Is the RDR baseline cost estimate useful for this process or is more work needed simply to refine the RDR estimate in order to prioritize the RDR? Much of the RDR technical is ‘immature’. 3.How do the above interact with the design work now underway at DESY? 4.When is down-selection information needed? What is the latest ‘possible’ moment at which decisions can be taken that minimizes the disruption to the most effort intensive parts of EDR? 5.Each RD task can be categorized, based on the answer to item 4. How is this best done? 6.Each RD task will be funding limited, many severely. Are there some which will then necessarily come too late to be part of EDR? What does this mean for RD funding prioritization and for the EDR schedule?

3. Fermilab Feb.5, 2007, Beijing N.Solyak -3- The ILC EDR (Engineering Design Report) What is it? –Detailed design report as basis for approval to proceed as a project Scope –Early rumors: “~30% design level” Sufficient detail to establish technical design package Magnetic design (field, forces, heating, quench protection, etc… - calculations) Define all interfaces – pedestals, stands, power, lcw, sensors, etc. Develop accurate beamline layouts with real space allocations Estimate of tooling requirements, design concepts Sufficient information for detailed cost estimate

4. Fermilab Feb.5, 2007, Beijing N.Solyak -4- EDR Scope, cont. Scope, cont. –Recent discussions: “complete design package” for all magnets –All R&D completed (models, prototypes tested) –Detailed design of all components completed –Tooling design completed –Drawing packages completed –Ready to begin procurement… In either case, the resources required are a factor of ≈(3–10)x more than have been used in the RDR –Magnet physicist/engineers –Design/drafters –Tooling designers –Test stands, –Etc.

5. Fermilab Feb.5, 2007, Beijing N.Solyak -5- Organization Independent Work Packages issued by Area Systems –Consistent with organization of RDR What missing in this approach? Coordination –Management structure above Area Leaders still to be developed Program/Project manage sought –Quasi-independence of work packages leaves some concerns on uniformity of approach, duplication of effort, “enforcement of standards” –There needs to be a work package for coordinating the Magnet Systems work: Application of design standards-operational characteristics and availability/reliability? Minimization of the number of individual magnet styles?

6. Fermilab Feb.5, 2007, Beijing N.Solyak -6- Work Package Organization, cont. Funding mechanisms most likely to remain very similar to those at present –No significant ILC (i.e., area/country independent) funds –Funding through governmental agencies to laboratories and universities –No information about how funding for work packages might be structured –Could a work package be divided into sub- packages for groups from different areas? Tiered work package management structure?

7. Fermilab Feb.5, 2007, Beijing N.Solyak -7- Magnets and magnet types at RDR SC Correctors14 137403210200000084211201236 *Includes SC magnets in 12 additional CM’s in electron linac to compensate energy losses in undulator section + RTML SC magnets TABLE. Numbers of conventional and SC Magnets in ILC Areas SC Quad16 71531651000000563 560*1032

8. Fermilab Feb.5, 2007, Beijing N.Solyak -8- Work Packages - a Magnet Systems View Three distinct components –Magnets –Power Systems –Test and Measurement Facilities Magnets and Power Systems divide among Area Systems in a natural fashion –Exception – pulsed magnet systems are still R&D intensive and have significant commonality across several areas; it is not sensible to split it up

9. Fermilab Feb.5, 2007, Beijing N.Solyak -9- Magnet Work Packages 1e - Source Conventional Magnets 2e+ Source Conventional Magnets 3e-, e+ Source, RTML Solenoids 4e+ SC undulators 5DR Conventional Magnets 6DR Wigglers 7RTML Conventional Magnets 8 Main Linac/Cryomodule SC quads & correctors 9BDS Conventional Magnets 10 BDS Final Focus SC Magnets & TF Octupoles 11BDS Magnet Movers 12Pulsed Magnet Systems 13e- Source Magnet Power Systems 14e+ Source Magnet Power Systems 15Damping Rings Magnet Power Systems 16RTML Magnet Power Systems 17Main Linac Magnet Power Systems 18BDS Magnet Power Systems Power System WPs Incl. magnet interfaces to Controls System Does not include Pulsed Magnets Separate special magnets from more ‘routine’ conventional designs A separate WP for ‘pulsed magnets’ Cold magnet test facility design – shared with cryomod’s/SRF test & measurement systems 19Con. Mag. Test & Meas. Facility 20SC Mag. Test & Meas. Facility Magnet Facilities WPs Magnet System Work Packages

10. Fermilab Feb.5, 2007, Beijing N.Solyak -10- Main Linac Cryomodule Quadrupole and Corrector BPM SCRF 300 mm pipe Central support SCRF TESLA TDR ILC

11. Fermilab Feb.5, 2007, Beijing N.Solyak -11- Quadrupoles for Main Linac (TESLA) ILC Main Linac Quadrupoles specs Low current 50–100 A Aperture 78 mm Gradient 54 T/m Length ~ 0.66 m Adjustable field - 20% Magnetic center stability better than 2 μm Low fringing fields: 1/10μT cooldown/operat Calculated 2-4 μm magnetic center displacement in quadrupole with dipole correctors because of superconductor magnetization Possible issues: magnetic center motion fringing field trapped in SCRF CIEMAT quad will be tested at SLAC in 2007

12. Fermilab Feb.5, 2007, Beijing N.Solyak -12- Dipole Correctors for Main Linac Proposal: 1. Separate main quadrupole and dipole correctors to eliminate coupling effects 2. Move quadrupole+corrector in space between cryomodules (Deferred) Three versions of correctors: 1.Combined with main quadrupole (TESLA,CIEMAT) 2.Stand alone shell type dipoles+skew correctors 3.Stand alone window-frame type dipoles+skew correctors

13. Fermilab Feb.5, 2007, Beijing N.Solyak -13- Flux density and flux lines at max current in both dipole coils Field homogeneity at max current in both dipole coils (+/- 1% at R< 30mm) Window-Frame type Shell Type Dipole Correctors

14. Fermilab Feb.5, 2007, Beijing N.Solyak -14- Summary of preliminary magnet studies Linac superconducting magnets are feasible R&D and prototyping are needed to confirm the specified performance and efficiency Main issues: - Optimal place for quadrupole package (center, end or separate cryostat) - Optimal quadrupole configuration - Integrated field range (high:low) - Magnetic center stability during –20% field change - Combined or stand alone correctors - Fringing fields in SCRF areas from magnet package - Effective current leads

15. Fermilab Feb.5, 2007, Beijing N.Solyak -15- EDR Magnet Design and Cost Effort Preliminary Staffing Estimate for “100% Design” 070202 * SC magnets include e+,e- sources, RTML, ML, BDS

16. Fermilab Feb.5, 2007, Beijing N.Solyak -16- ART FY08/09 Budget proposal Target 2 Total: 0.75 FTE*years 0 M&S Total: 4.75 FTE*years 214 k$ M&S Total: 1.8 FTE*years 285 k$ M&S

17. Fermilab Feb.5, 2007, Beijing N.Solyak -17- Now let’s get realistic… Support for EDR (US view) –Funding for FY07 is already extremely difficult without adding EDR –Funding for FY08-FY09 was planned w/o EDR Guidance is already below levels needed to carry out full R&D programs Addition of EDR design effort is not at levels necessary to support even the “30% design” EDR magnet design and cost estimate cannot be carried out without sufficient funding –Funding cannot compete with Area System R&D needs, it will always lose

18. Fermilab Feb.5, 2007, Beijing N.Solyak -18- Getting real, cont. This is not the RDR cost estimate –Detailed drawings required –All external interfaces need to be determined –Magnet engineers, physicists, alignment engineers Tooling designers Design/drafters -Buyers (for estimates) –No estimates based on “engineering experience” –Drawing packages, ‘bills of materials”, etc., needed for estimates –Availability/reliability needs to be “designed-in” –FMEA studies must be conducted Management expectations must be consistent with resources allocated to the task

19. Fermilab Feb.5, 2007, Beijing N.Solyak -19- Instrumentation Overview Beam instrumentation needs in the Main Linacs, as listed in the RDR: InstrumentRequirementsQty Costs (RDR)R&D WPs M&S (k$)FTE (MY)M&S (k$)FTE (MY) Cold BPM (L-Band cavity) 0.5…2 µm 2x312 (560) 1215221.95006 Laserwire ~10 % of transv. beam size 2 x 320744.84005 Beam current monitor-toroid 0.5…1 % of bunch charge 2 x 3583.1 BLM - PMT -Ion Chamber < 0.01 % of total beam intensity 2x325 2 x 10 13661.9 Feedback systems Inject / ejection, energy, spread 2 x 10111015.03004 Further R&D is required on the HOM coupler signal processing for beam orbit, cavity alignment and beam phase measurement purposes! Work package proposal: M&S ~ 200 k$, FTE ~ 3 ManYears.

20. Fermilab Feb.5, 2007, Beijing N.Solyak -20- Instrumentation R&D packages L-band cavity BPMs (Linacs, RTML and BDS, in both warm and cold sections) Cavity BPM A set of analog and digital read-out electronics Trigger & timing hardware to time-resolve position for individual bunches A system for calibration and self-diagnosis tests. Digital data acquisition and control hard/software, incl. a system interface. Auxiliary systems (racks, crates, power supplies, cables, etc.). Laserwire : (Linacs, RTML and BDS) Laser (one can feed many IP’s) Distribution Deflector (scanner) IP (multi-plane) e /γ Separation Detector Beam Feedback Systems stabilize beam trajectories/emittance/dispersion in the Linacs. Trajectory Feedback (several cascaded loops) - 5Hz Dispersion measurement and control Beam energy (several cascaded sections) (5Hz) End of linac trajectory control (bunch-by-bunch)

21. Fermilab Feb.5, 2007, Beijing N.Solyak -21- Cold BPM & HOM R&D DESY plans to use button-style BPM’s (~30…50 µm single bunch resolution) together with HOM-based signal processing (~ 5 µm macropulse resolution) for their XFEL project. CEA-Saclay improves the read-out system for their resonant re- entrant cavity BPM to achieve ~ 1 µm single bunch resolution. SLAC successfully tested their 35 mm aperture S-Band CM-free cavity BPM at the ESA (beam verified ~ 0.8 µm single bunch resolution) in a “warm” environment. Fermilab develops a cold L-Band CM-free cavity BPM with integrated monopole mode normalization. A FPGA-based HOM-signal processor is studied in collaboration between Fermilab, DESY and SLAC (and Daresbury Lab?). Further HOM signal processing techniques have to be developed for a high resolution beam phase detection.

22. Fermilab Feb.5, 2007, Beijing N.Solyak -22- S-band BPM Results N = 1.4*10 10 electrons BPM_res = 0.8 micron, Q ~ 500 for clean bunch separation 36 mm ID 126 mm OD

23. Fermilab Feb.5, 2007, Beijing N.Solyak -23- Cold Cavity BPM R&D @ FNAL Frequency, GHz, dipole monopole 1.468 1.125 Loaded Q ( both monopole and dipole )~ 600 Beam pipe radius, mm39 Cell radius, mm113 Cell gap, mm15 Waveguide, mm122x110x25 Coupling slot, mm51x4x2 Window – Ceramic brick of alumina 96%  = 9.4 Size: 51x4x3 mm N type receptacles, 50 Ohm,

24. Fermilab Feb.5, 2007, Beijing N.Solyak -24- Laserwire R&D Laserwire R&D activities are an ongoing collaboration between Royal Holloway University of London, KEK and DESY. KEK-ATF extraction line laser wire IP single scan dimension DESY-PETRA two scan planes Laserwire basics: 1.Laser (one can feed many IP’s) 2.Distribution 3.Deflector (scanner) 4.IP (multi-plane) 5.e/γ Separation 6.Detector

25. Fermilab Feb.5, 2007, Beijing N.Solyak -25- ART FY08/09 Budget proposal Target 2 Total: 3.25 FTE*year 270 k$ M&S