1. English Colonization What were the motivations that pushed England into the New World?

2. Protestant Reformation Holy Roman Catholic Church Martin Luther and Challengers 95 Theses: Faith and Indulgences Henry VIII and John Calvin Spain and The Counter Reformation Religious Wars

3. England & Rise of Nation State Historical Setting War of the Roses Tudor Dynasty: Henry VII & Exploration Henry VIII and schism Bloody Mary and Parliament Reign of Elizabeth: Roanoake The Stuarts: James I

4. Virginia Joint Stock Enterprise: London Merchants Charters, 1606-07 Jamestown & Captain John Smith Powhatan Confederacy Starvation and Survival: Tobacco Labor Shortage: Servitude Questions House of Burgesses and Slavery

5. Chesapeake Setting Tidewater Elite George Calvert and Maryland Act of Toleration Monocultural Orientation Population Expansion & Instability Bacon’s Rebellion Westward Expansion

6. New England The Separatists Plymouth Setting Puritans in England Massachusetts Bay Colony New Zion and City on Hill Theocratic Orientation Pre destination

7. The English Civil War Parliament and past precedent Divine Right Monarch Rights of the people Clash: Roundheads and Cavaliers Cromwell and the Republic Wars of Empire

8. Restoration Colonies Carolinas The Royal African Company Transplanting Slaves via West Indies Indigo, Rice, Cattle Charlestown North and South Scot-Irish

9. Pennsylvania Society of Friends: Quakers William Penn Promotional Skills Indian Relations Philadelphia Other Colonies from Penn Germantown Protest: 1688

10. New York The Dutch Experience Cosmopolitan Society Anglo Dutch War The Duke of York Colonial Economy Government and Discontent

11. Glorious Revolution

12. Columbian Exchange What were the consequences? Biological Environmental Slavery Ongoing Reassessments