1. Subphylum Mandibulata Class Myriapoda = chilopoda and diplopoda
Arthropods
Subphylum Mandibulata
Class Myriapoda
= chilopoda and diplopoda

3. Chilopods ~ 3,000 centipedes Single pair of antennae Pair of mandibles
Eyes simple when present

4. Diplopoda ~ 10,000 millipedes Mostly deposit feeders in soil
some carnivores
2 pair legs per segment

5. Hexapoda = six-footed Class Insecta Well-studied
Impacts on ag, pollination, disease vectors, commercial products
~1,000,000 species described
4X more to be described

6. Silverfish = Order Zygentoma Subclass Pterygota = winged insects
Insect taxonomy
Silverfish = Order Zygentoma
Subclass Pterygota = winged insects

7. Winged insects Order Ephemeroptera: mayflies wings cannot be folded
adults live hours to few days
larvae are aquatic

8. Winged insects Order Odonata = damselflies and dragonflies
wings cannot be folded
aquatic larvae
predators

9. Winged insects Order Orthoptera = crickets, grasshoppers
produce noise by rubbing wings

10. Winged insects Order Plecoptera = stoneflies
Adults live only long enough to mate
Aquatic larvae, drumming behavior

11. Order Hemiptera = true bugs piercing mouthparts
Winged insects
Order Hemiptera = true bugs
piercing mouthparts

12. Order Coleoptera = beetles front pair of wings form protective cover
Winged insects
Order Coleoptera = beetles
front pair of wings form protective cover

13. Winged insects Order Diptera = true flies
Posterior wings are reduced = halteres
Aquatic larvae in some

14. Winged insects Order Trichoptera = caddisflies
like small moths, feed on liquids
aquatic larvae = case-builders

15. Winged insects Order Lepidoptera = moths and butterflies
Larvae = caterpillars

16. Insect body
Head, thorax, abdomen

17. Insect head 4 paired appendages: One pair antennae
Mandibles, maxillae, labium = lower lip

18. Two pairs of wings Reduced 2nd pair in diptera = halteres
Insect thorax
Two pairs of wings
Reduced 2nd pair in diptera = halteres

19. Tympanal organs = hearing Compound eyes and ocelli
Insect senses
Tympanal organs = hearing
Compound eyes and ocelli

20. Gas exchange

21. Insects produce uric acid from protein metabolites Malpighian tubules
Water balance
Insects produce uric acid from protein metabolites
Malpighian tubules

22. Insect development - instars
Metamorphosis
hemimetabolous = gradual
holometabolous = larva – pupa -adult