1. Earth Rocks Science & Minerals Sedimentary & Metamorphic Rocks

2. How are rocks classified There are 3 types of rocks! Igneous Sedimentary Metamorphic

3. Rocks are classified & identified by … how they are formed.

4. Igneous Rocks Igneous rock forms when hot, molten rock (melted rock) cools and hardens, becoming solid. The melting of the rock happens deep within the Earth.

5. Volcano Eruptions Magma – hot, molten rock Lava is magma that has erupted from a volcano Lava

6. Igneous Rocks Mount Rushmore in South Dakota is made of granite.

7. Sedimentary rock forms when layers of sediment settle on top of one another and harden over thousands, even millions of years. Sedimentary Rock These little bits of our earth are washed downstream where they settle to the bottom of the rivers, lakes, and oceans.

8. Sedimentary Rock These layers are pressed down more and more through time, until the bottom layers slowly turn into rock – Sedimentary Rock.

9. What is Sediment? Sediment is made up of soil, shells, bits of rocks, and the remains of dead plants and animal matter.

10. Sedimentary Rock

11. Examples of Sedimentary Rock Newer layers press the older layers. Older layers are on the bottom.

12. Examples of Sedimentary Rock Fossils in the older, lower layers have older fossils. Scientists who study the ages of rocks also study things that have lived on Earth in the past by studying fossils.

14. Examples of Sedimentary Rock Mudstone is used to make cement. Conglomerate has small gravel and pebbles.

15. Examples of Sedimentary Rock Limestone can form from tiny bits of shells and skeletons of sea animals that lived long ago. Limestone is used to make cement and glass.

16. Fossils

17. Crayfish

18. Examples of Sedimentary Rock Can find at the bottom of lakes or oceans. Shale is made of very tiny clay particles called silt. Might contain fossils.

19. Examples of Sedimentary Rock Sandstone is made of sand particles.

20. Examples of Sedimentary Rock The Grand Canyon Much of the Grand Canyon is made of red sandstone.

21. Metamorphic Rock Metamorphic rock can come from igneous, sedimentary, or metamorphic rocks. Metamorphic rock forms heat and pressure changes how the particles of a rock are arranged forming a whole new rock.

22. Metamorphic Rock Metamorphic means “change of form.” Heat and pressure causes the mineral crystals in the rock to change. With heat and pressure: limestone becomes marble.

23. Metamorphic Rock The Taj Majal in India is made out of marble.

24. Metamorphic Rock With heat and pressure: granite becomes gneiss

25. Metamorphic Rock With heat and pressure: shale becomes slate

26. All About Rocks!

27. Let’s Review … There are 3 types of rocks! Igneous Sedimentary Metamorphic

28. Geology for Kids All about volcanos Go to our class website for this powerpoint and even MORE web links. Good Web Links