1. Why are some countries more developed than others? Learning Objectives To further our understanding of the theories of development. To apply this understanding to the development of Mozambique. Key terms Dependency Theory Globalisation/Modernisation theory Post-Development theory Post-structuralist theory

2. Theories Dependency Theory – According to this theory, resources from poor countries flow to a rich “core” of countries. This works to the benefit of the rich countries. Globalisation/Modernisation theory – According to this theory, underdeveloped countries can improve their economies by being introduced to modern methods in technology, agriculture and industrial production. Post-Development theory – According to this theory, development has always been explained according to Western principles. This is unjust and unrealistic. Post-structuralist theory – This theory suggests we shouldn’t just look at current levels of deveopment in any country but should rather focus on the reasons and the causes of the different social and environmental processes.

3. Format The Portuguese invaded Mozambique in 1498 and took gold and slaves. This is an example of the dependency theory.