1. BIS 360 – Lecture Nine Ch. 13: Designing Forms and Reports

2. Designing Forms and Reports Form A business document that contains some predefined data and it may include some areas where additional data are to be filled in. Often, an instance of form contains results of one database table or several relevant tables.

3. Designing Forms and Reports Report A business document that contains only predefined data; it is a passive document used only for reading and viewing. A report typically contains data from many database records and transactions.

4. Questions when Designing F&R Who will use the form or report? What is the purpose of the form or report? When is the form or report needed and used? Where does the form or report need to be delivered and used? How many people need to use or view the form or report?

5. Characteristics to Consider User –experience, skill, motivation, education, etc. Task –time pressure, cost of errors, etc. System –platform, operating system, devices, etc. Environment –Social issues and environmental concerns, e.g., lighting, sound, interruptions, etc.

6. Types of Information Internal Use –collected, generated, or consumed within an organization External Use –collected from or created for individuals and groups external to an organization Turnaround Document –delivered to an external customer as an output that can return to provide input to a system

7. Types of Processing 1. Online Processing An immediate processing of the most recently available data. It is needed when... –access to data occurs randomly –results of information are not predictable –data is continuously updated -- need most current info –users are networked

8. Types of Processing 2. Batch Processing The input/output are done on a predetermined and specific time interval It is needed when… –access to information occurs regularly –format and type of information are known –information is stable over the time period –users don’t have easy access to online systems

9. Meaningful Titles Balanced Layout Meaningful Information Easy Navigation (where to go) Highlight Useful Information General Design Guidelines

10. Meaningful Titles –clear and specific titles –revision date to distinguish from prior versions –current date to show when the form/report was generated

11. Vague Title

12. Clear TitleDate

13. General Design Guidelines Balanced Layout –balanced on screen or on page –adequate spacing and margins –all data and entry fields should be clearly labeled

14. Hard to read: information is packed too tightly

15. Easy to read: clear, balanced

16. General Design Guidelines Meaningful Information –only needed information should be displayed –information should be provided in a manner that is usable without modification

17. No summary information

18. Summary information

19. General Design Guidelines Easy Navigation –show how to move forward and backward –show where you are

20. No navigation information

21. Clear Navigation

22. Highlighting Information Useful Information –notifying users of errors –providing warnings –drawing attention Methods of Highlighting - Blinking and Audible Tones- Color Differences - Intensity Differences- Size Differences - Reverse Video- Boxing - Font Differences- Underlining - All Capital Letters- Offset the Position of Non-standard Information

23. Intensity Differences Boxing & All capital letters Font size, intensity, underlining, & italics

24. Guidelines for Displaying Text Case –mixed, with conventional punctuation Spacing –double spacing if possible, use blank lines between paragraphs Justification –left justify, ragged right margin Hyphenation –do not use between lines Abbreviations –only when widely understood

25. Hard to understand!!

26. Easy to follow!!

27. Tables and Graphs Use meaningful labels Be careful when formatting columns & rows Be careful when formatting numeric, textual, and alphanumeric data

28. No proper labels!!

29. Easy to understand!!

30. Tables Vs Graphs Use Tables for… –reading individual data values Use Graphs for… –providing a quick summary of data –trends over time –comparing points and patterns of data –forecasting –reporting vast amounts of data when only impressions are to be drawn

34. Usability An overall evaluation of how a system performs for supporting a particular user for a particular task. Three characteristics… –speed –accuracy –satisfaction Measures: - time to learn - speed of performance - rate of errors - retention over time - satisfaction