1. UMTS: Universal Mobile Telecommunications System

2. Aim of Presentation To attain a general understanding of UMTS systems
GSM Evolution Towards UMTS
2.5G Standards (Transition between 2G-3G)
Difference between GSM-UMTS
UMTS: FDD/TDD
UMTS Network Elements and Architecture
UE: User Equipments
UTRAN:UMTS Terrestrial Radio Accesses Network
CN: Core Network
Major Interfaces in UMTS
Introduction to 3G Planning Techniques

3. UMTS: A Brief Overview
UMTS is the recent telecomm Standard system (3G) developed from the existing GSM system,one can say that its a resultant of R&D done on various levels of 1st and 2nd generation GSM system
It is a universal Mobile telecom system designed to provide seamless telecomm services with enhancement in quality,data, rate, reliability,connectivity , system interfaces adaptability ,current and next generation technologies …and so on
Note (its next slide data) In the immediate future, the third generation cellular systems will adopt one of three
major candidate technologies: UMTS; cdma2000; UWC-136 (also referred to as
EDGE). UMTS can be sub-divided into two separate technologies: frequency
division duplex (FDD); and time division duplex (TDD). Presently, UMTS FDD is
in the furthest stage of progress as regards being poised to make a fast roll-out. 2001
saw the first commercial system introduced in Japan using this technology and 2002
will see the launch of systems in Europe. UMTS is the third generation solution
developed and adopted by ETSI (European Technical Standards Institute). It is
therefore expected that the vast majority of current GSM operators will become
involved in deploying UMTS networks.

4. UMTS is a 3G GSM successor standard i.e. downward-compatible with GSM,
UMTS is the third generation solution developed and adopted by ETSI (European Technical Standards Institute).
It is therefore expected that the vast majority of current GSM operators will become involved in deploying UMTS networks
**now one may think of what is this gsm phase 2+ network
In 1996, ETSI decided to further enhance GSM in annual Phase 2+ releases that
incorporate 3G capabilities.
GSM Phase 2+ releases have introduced important 3G features such as intelligent
network (IN) services with customized application for mobile enhanced logic
(CAMEL), enhanced speech compression/decompression (CODEC), enhanced full
rate (EFR), and adaptive multirate (AMR), high–data rate services and new
transmission principles with high-speed circuit-switched data (HSCSD), general
packet radio service (GPRS), and enhanced data rates for GSM evolution (EDGE).**

5. GSM Evolution Towards UMTS
Evolution of GSM towards UMTS can be explained in terms of “generations”:
The entire cellular systems since intoduced has effectively been replaced at times.
These major changes are referred to as a new “generation” of cellular systems.
Give a brief of standards used in varios generations….(remember umts is a 3G standard not a system so give related exmples )

6. 2.5G Standard A Transition 2G-3G
HSCS
High Speed Circuit Switched Data
Enhancement to the GSM standard
Utilises:
Multiple channel coding schemes (4.8kbps, 9.6kbps, 14.4kbps per timeslot)
Multiple timeslots
Circuit Switched Data rates to 57.6kbps
4 slots with 14.4kbps channel coding per slot

7. GPRS General Packet Radio Service Enhancement to the GSM standard
Utlilises
Multiple Timeslots
Packet Switching
Packet Switched Data typically to rates of 56kbps
Theoretically 171.2kbps for 8 timeslots
UMTS Introduces serving GPRS support node - SGSN

8. EDGE Enhanced Data for GSM Evolution
Sometimes called E-GPRS (Enhanced GPRS)
Enhancement to the GSM and TDMA standards
Utlilises:
8PSK Modulation
Possible 1.6 MHz carrier under IS-136
8 Channel Coding Schemes
Multiple Timeslots (similar frame structure to GSM)
TDMA
Data up to rates of 384kbps (typically less)

9. Difference GSM and UMTS
Major difference is air interface
– GSM: TDMA and FDMA
– UMTS: Wide-band code division multiple access (WCDMA)

10. UMTS Modes
UMTS
UMTS-FDD
UMTS-TDD

11. UMTS FDD • Universal Mobile Telecommunications System
Frequency Division Duplexing Mode
• Built onto enhanced GSM core network
• Utilises:
• QPSK modulation (Quadrature phase shift keying)
• Multiple channel coding and bearer rates
• Variable spreading factors and multi-code transmission
• CDMA
• FDD
• Asynchronous operation
• Data up to rates of 2Mbps

12. UMTS TDD
Universal Mobile Telecommunications System Time Division Duplexing Mode
Built onto enhanced GSM core network
Utilises:
QPSK modulation
Multiple channel coding and bearer rates
CDMA
TDD
Asynchronous operation
• Data up to rates of 2Mbps
• Will happen after UMTS FDD

13. UMTS Architecture Overview

16. User Equipment UE
The UMTS UE is based on the same principles as the GSM MS—
the separation between mobile equipment (ME) and the UMTS subscriber identity module (SIM)card
(USIM).
UE consists of :
· Display and User Interface
· Holds the Authentication Algorithms and keys
· User End Termination of the Air Interface
· Application Platform

17. Mobile Equipment
The radio terminal is used for radio communication over the Uu interface
UMTS Subscriber Identity Module
The smartcard that holds the subscriber identity, authentication and encryption keys
Etc
Terminal Equipment
The terminal equipment connects to the UE. This carries the application specific user
interface

18. General Core Network Architecture
Home Location Register (HLR)
The database storing the master copy of a users profile
Visitor Location Register (VLR)
The database holding a copy of a visiting users profile
Mobile Switching Centre (MSC)
Switch for Circuit Switched Services
Gateway MSC (GMSC)
Serving GPRS Support Node (SGSN)
Router for Packet Switched Services
Gateway GPRS Support Node (GGSN)
Core Network CN
· Switching
· Service Provision
· Transmission of user traffic between UTRAN(s) and/or fixed network
· Mobility Management

19. UMTS Terrestrial Radio Access Network UTRAN
Node B
Acts as the radio basestation (BTS in GSM)
Converts the data flow between the Iub and Uu interfaces
RNC
• Responsible for the use and
integrity of the radio resources
within the RNS
• Responsible for the handover
decisions that require signalling to
the UE
• Provides a combining/splitting
function to support macrodiversity
between different Node Bs
Radio Network Controller
Owns and controls radio resources in its domain (BSC in GSM)
Service Access point for all services that UTRAN provides for the CN
Note: Service RNC (SRNC) and Drift RNC (DRNC) are subsets

20. Major Interfaces in UMTS
• There are four major new interfaces defined in UMTS
• Iu
The interface between UTRAN and the CN
• Iur
The Interface between different RNCs
• Iub
The interface between the Node B and the RNC
• Uu
The air interface

21. Radio Planning for UMTS
Principle Design Considerations
There are two design considerations when planning a 3G network.
3G is a multiservice network and 3g requires the practical implementation of WCDMA

22. Planning can be broken into 3 phases
Dimensioning: To determine the approximate number of sites, cells and number of network elements.
· Radio Link Budget
· Coverage Analysis
· Capacity estimation
· Required numbers of network elements eg RNC’s
Detailed planning: Involves the use of a radio network planning tool.
Ericcson - TEMS Cell planner
· ATDI - ICS Telecom System
· Logica - Odyssey
· Nokia – NetAct Planner
· CRIL - ELLIPSE M-NPT
Optimisation:In WCDMA system optimisation starts right back at the planning phase

23. Interference is the biggest problem in WCDMA and need to control, this can be done through
Optimisation of
Site Location and configuration
Height, direction, beamwidth and tilt of antennas
Cable losses
Mast head amplifiers

24. THANK YOU