1. Ethogram Notes Charting Animal Behavior

2. Ethogram = behavior inventory used for quick recording of behaviors takes 1000’s of hours for a complete catalog of behaviors helps decrease subjectivity

3. Ethogram Procedure 1.Identify behaviors ★ What is the animal doing? 2. Categorize behaviors ★ Create categories ★ Create sub-categories

4. Ethogram Procedure 3. How to record behaviors? Options: A. make list of behaviors, check mark if occurs ( no matter how long it happens) B. create time budget- mark amount of time during which behavior occurred

5. Ethogram Procedure 4. Decide who to observe - Options : A. watch one individual = “case study” gives in depth information about one animal ¿ what to do if individual hides, or can no longer be seen?

6. Ethogram Procedure B. Watch several animals in a group –“Scanning the group” –Decide on time interval, scan entire group at interval, record presence of given behavior –OR randomly pick individuals, observe for set amount of time, then move to next random animal & do same

7. Concerns 1.How observant / trained to recognize behaviors is the observer? ★ Do you know what to look for? ★ Experience really helps- (I know when the horse is going to try to buck me off…)

8. Concerns 2. Effect of the observer Wild animals do not behave “normally” in presence of humans Habituation? Hide observer?… (behind a blind?)

9. Concerns 3. Inter-observer reliability Do I see / interpret same behaviors as you? Are two observers seeing / recording same behaviors? Are they recording the same behaviors, but naming them differently?

10. Concerns Other Concerns? What if you can’t see your animal? What if your animal sleeps the whole time? What if the animal doesn’t seem to be doing anything? (Become a closer observer!) Others?

11. Practice http://www.members.home.nl/akodde/behave.htm