1. Sense of Properties and Stereotypes
Topics:
Sense of Properties
Analytical sentence
Synthetic sentence
Contradiction
Stereotypes

2. 9. SENSE PROPERTIES AND STEREOTYPES
Analytic. Synthesis and Contradiction
STEREOTYPES
The stereotype of a predicate is the list of the typical characteristics of the predicate.

3. ANALYTIC, SYNTHETIC AND CONTRADICTION
ARE THESE SENTENCES TRUE?
Why are they true/false
A cat is an animal
A cat is a mammal
I saw a cat yesterday
I like cats
A cat is a vegetable
A cat has two legs

4. ANALYTIC, SYNTHETIC AND CONTRADICTION
Why are they true/false
A cat is an animal
A cat
Animal
Having 4 legs
Mammal
The sense of cat includes in the sense of animal
He likes cats
The truth depends on the situation
A cat is a vegetable
The meaning of cat does not include in the sense of vegetable

5. ANALYTIC, SYNTHETIC AND CONTRADICTION
Definition An ANALYTIC sentence is one that is necessarily TRUE, as a result of the senses of the words in it. An analytic sentence, therefore, reflects a tacit (unspoken) agreement by speakers of the language about the senses of the words in it. . Example Analytic: All elephants are animals The truth of the sentence follows from the senses of elephant and animal.

6. A SYNTHETIC sentence is one which is NOT analytic, but may be either true or false, depending on the way the world is
Synthetic: John is from Ireland There is nothing in the senses of John or Ireland or from which makes this necessarily true or false

7. CONTRADICTION is a sentence that is necessarily FALSE, as a result of the senses of the words in it. Thus a contradiction is in a way the opposite of an analytic sentence.
For example, This animal is a vegetable is a contradiction. This must be false because of the senses of animal and vegetable

8. The STEREOTYPE of a predicate is a list of the TYPICAL characteristics or features of things to which the predicate may be applied.
A stereotype is related to a prototype (but is not the same thing. A prototype of elephant is some actual elephant, whereas the stereotype of elephant is a list of characteristics which describes the prototype

9. Label the following sentences either T for true, F for false, or D for don’t know, as appropriate. (a) Cats are animals T / F / D (b) Bachelors are unmarried T / F / D (c) Cats never live more than 20 years T / F / D (e) Cats are not vegetables T / F / D (g) No cat likes to bathe T / F / D