1. Water stress sites Site nameYear DE-Gri- Grillenburg2005 DE-Hai- Hainich2000,2001,2002,2003,2004,2005 ES-LMa-Las Majadas del Tietar2004,2005 DK-Sor-Soroe1996,1997,1998,1999,2000,2001, 2002,2003,2004,2005,2006 FI-Kaa-Kaamanen2000,2001,2002,2003,2004,2005 PT-Esp-Espirra2002,2003,2004 PT-Mi1-Mitra II (Evora)2003,2004,2005 PT-Mi2-Mitra IV (Tojal)2004,2005,2006 FR-Hes -Hesse1997,1998,1999,2000,2001,2002, 2003,2004,2005,2006 FR-Pue-Puechabon2000,2001,2002,2003,2004,2005, 2006 FR-LBr-Le Bray1996,1997,1998,2000,2003,2005, 2006 HU-Bug -Bugac2002,2003,2004,2005,2006 IT-Cpz-Castelporziano2000,2001,2002,2003,2004,2005 DE-Tha -Tharandt1996,1997,1998,1999,2000,2001, 2002,2003,2004,2005 IT-Ro1-Roccarespampani 12000,2001,2002,2003,2004,2005, 2006 IT-Ro2 – Roccarespampani 22002,2003,2004,2005,2006 USA-Blodgett1999,2000,2001,2002,2003,2004, 2005 USA-Freeman2004,2005,2006

2. LAI, SAI Phenology Leaf physiology Sunlit Shaded 1 Canopy Layer PIXGRO Canopy Day of Year -85 -75 -65 -55 -45 0 60120180240300360 Day of Year 2003 200x? Empirical or Fluxnet Soil Matric potential (cm) ABA SIGNAL

3. Separation of CO 2 exchange by components of a herbaceous vegetation mosaic and up-scaling via chamber plus eddy covariance measurements in the Portuguese montado John Tenhunen, Yuelin Li, Heydar Mirzaei, Mir Zaman Hussain Department of Plant Ecology, University of Bayreuth, Germany Lukas Siebicke, Thomas Foken Department of Micrometeorology, University of Bayreuth, Germany Joao Banza, Joao Pereira Instituto Superior de Agronomia, Technical University of Lisbon, Portugal Luis Aires, Casimiro Pio CESAM and Department of Environment, University of Aveiro, Portugal

5. Period of major carbon uptake into the montado system An example of `open vegetation` - a classical ecosystem type related to changing water balance, e.g., forest grassland transition, true savanna, desert shrublands, taiga forest limit

6. Ca. 100 m E L U H H B C A