1. Sept. 8, 2010 You need: Clean paper / Pencil Text options form “You’re the Radiologist” worksheet Warm Up: List the four types of bone or joint injuries that we learned yesterday.

2. You’re the Radiologist! Diagnosing Bone & Joint Injuries

3. Your Task Today, you will learn how doctor’s diagnose bone & joint injuries. As you go through the powerpoint, follow along on your worksheet. Fill in any missing notes. Answer all questions. Good Luck!

4. Diagnosing Bone & Joint Injuries Two ways that injuries are diagnosed are: X-RAYS – images that show bones as clearly defined white areas. Draw-backs - Soft tissues (muscles, organs) are not seen clearly. X-rays are radiation and can damage body cells. MRI – (Magnetic Resonance Imaging) takes clear images of bones AND soft tissue. Does not damage body cells. Draw-backs – Very expensive!

5. Who reads X-Rays and MRIs? Radiology – is the medical field related to reading images of X-RAYS and MRIs. Radiologists – the doctors who specialize in reading these images.

6. Common types of skeletal injuries Fractures – A break in the bone. Dislocation – A bone comes out of its joint. Sprain – Ligaments are stretched too far and tear in places. (most common injury) Arthritis – A disease of the joints that makes movement painful. (usually occurs later in life).

7. Bone Fractures Fracture – A break in the bone. Treatment - Wear a cast while the bone mends. (Surgery may be done to attach the bone fragments together with pins/screws).

8. Dislocation Dislocation – A bone comes out of its joint. Treatment – Keep the joint stable. A doctor can put the bone back in the proper place. Dislocated finger OUCH!

9. Sprains Sprain – Joint is twisted or bent too far. Ligaments are stretched and tear in places. (most common injury) Treatment: Doctors recommend R.I.C.E. R = REST the injured joint as it heals. I = ICE to reduce swelling C = COMPRESS (wrap tightly) E = ELEVATE to reduce swelling

10. Arthritis Arthritis – A disease of the joints that makes movement difficult and painful. Severe cases can destroy the joint. Treatment: There is no cure. Pain can be treated with pain relievers, exercise, rest. Surgery to replace a joint may help. Hip Replacement

11. You’re the Radiologist! Look at the images on the following slides. Try to diagnose the injury! What bones/joints are shown? Is there an injury? If yes, what type of injury? What treatment do you recommend? (Use your textbook pg. 311 and this website: http://www.accessexcellence.org/RC/VL/xrays/index.html to identify the bones and injuries) http://www.accessexcellence.org/RC/VL/xrays/index.html Answer all questions on your worksheet. (Try to answer 8 out of 15)

12. Case #1 What bones/joints are shown? Is there an injury? If yes, what type? What treatment do you recommend?

13. Case #2 What bones/joints are shown? Is there an injury? If yes, what type? What treatment do you recommend?

14. Case #3 What bones/joints are shown? Is there an injury? If yes, what type? What treatment do you recommend?

15. Case #4 What bones/joints are shown? Is there an injury? If yes, what type? What treatment do you recommend?

16. Case #5 What bones/joints are shown? Is there an injury? If yes, what type? What treatment do you recommend?

17. Case #6 What bones/joints are shown? Is there an injury? If yes, what type? What treatment do you recommend?

18. Case #7 What bones/joints are shown? Is there an injury? If yes, what type? What treatment do you recommend?

19. Case #8 What bones/joints are shown? Is there an injury? If yes, what type? What treatment do you recommend?

20. Case #9 What bones/joints are shown? Is there an injury? If yes, what type? What treatment do you recommend?

21. Case #10 What bones/joints are shown? Is there an injury? If yes, what type? What treatment do you recommend?

22. Case #11 What bones/joints are shown? Is there an injury? If yes, what type? What treatment do you recommend?

23. Case #12 What bones/joints are shown? Is there an injury? If yes, what type? What treatment do you recommend?

24. Case #13 What bones/joints are shown? Is there an injury? If yes, what type? What treatment do you recommend?

25. Case #14 What bones/joints are shown? Is there an injury? If yes, what type? What treatment do you recommend?

26. Case #15 What bones/joints are shown? Is there an injury? If yes, what type? What treatment do you recommend?

27. Case #1 Bones/joints? Humerus, shoulder, elbow Is there an injury? Type? YES FRACTURE Treatment? Cast (maybe surgery?)

28. Case #2 Bones/joints? Ribs, Clavicle, Humerus, Shoulder Is there an injury? NO Treatment? Not applicable

29. Case #3 Bones/joints? Pelvis, Femur, Hip Is there an injury? Type? YES DISLOCATION Treatment? Keep joint stable. See a Doctor!

30. Case #4 Bones/joints? Carpals, Metacarpals Phalanges, Wrist, Knuckles Is there an injury? NO Treatment? Not applicable

31. Case #5 Bones/joints? Cranium, Mandible Vertebrae Is there an injury? Type? YES NAIL IN HIS HEAD! Treatment? See a Doctor! Remove the Nail ASAP!

32. Case #6 Bones/joints? Tibia, Fibula, Tarsals (Ankle) Is there an injury? Type? YES FRACTURE Treatment? Cast (maybe surgery?)

33. Case #7 Bones/joints? Phalanges, Metacarpals, Carpals, Knuckles Is there an injury? Type? YES ARTHRITIS Treatment? Pain Relievers Maybe Joint Replacement

34. Case #8 Bones/joints? Femur, Patella, Tibia, Fibula, Knee Is there an injury? NO Treatment? Not applicable

35. Case #9 Bones/joints? Ribs, Clavicle Humerus, Shoulder Injury? Type? YES FRACTURE Treatment? Cast (maybe surgery?)