1. Simulation of Plasma Actuator on Arbitrarily Shaped Surface Ben Mertz Center for Flow Physics and Control University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN Graduate Student Conference, August 27 th, 2007

2. Outline  Background/Motivation  Virtual Wing Shaping  Plasma Actuators  Lumped Circuit Model  Generalized Coordinates  Flat Plate Test Case  Future Work/Conclusions Graduate Student Conference, August 27th, 2007

3. Benefits of LE+TE Control -$410K on $30M airplane - 2.6% part-card count - 3.3% empty weight - 1.3 % manufacturing cost - 3.3% drag reduction “Virtual Wing” Motivation: Virtual Wing Shaping Graduate Student Conference, August 27th, 2007

4. Airfoils Being Studied Graduate Student Conference, August 27th, 2007 NLF213 (Voikov) Optimized Airfoil (Shiokawa, et al.) MO6-13-128 (Selig, et al.) Actuator location Possible actuator location

5. Plasma Actuators The plasma actuator in action appears as a diffuse plasma formed on the surface of the dielectric exposed electrode insulation AC voltage source insulated electrode substrate The plasma actuator is an asymmetric arrangement of electrodes, one of which is insulated, on an aerodynamic surface. Graduate Student Conference, August 27th, 2007

6. Lumped Circuit Model Graduate Student Conference, August 27th, 2007 Orlov (2006)  Models plasma on a.c. time scale  Values of Capacitors and Resistors depend on physical constants and geometry of actuator

7. Computational Domain Graduate Student Conference, August 27th, 2007 Orlov (2006)

8. Generalized Coordinates Graduate Student Conference, August 27th, 2007 y x η ζ

9. Plasma Extent Graduate Student Conference, August 27th, 2007

10. Plasma Current Graduate Student Conference, August 27th, 2007

11. Future Research Graduate Student Conference, August 27th, 2007 Finish flat plate test case comparison Use code to simulate actuator on curved surface Perform flow simulations using body force results for flat plate and curved surface cases Apply code to different airfoil shapes and evaluate feasibility for flow control purposes using CFD simulations of airfoil shapes

12. Questions? Graduate Student Conference, August 27th, 2007

13. Acknowledgements A special thanks to … Dr. Thomas Corke (advisor) and Dr. Dmitri Orlov Orbital Research Inc. Graduate Student Conference, August 27th, 2007