1. How do we define biology?

2. Biology has different branches
Biochemistry: chemistry of life
Ecology: how organisms interact with each other and their environment
Cell biology: life on the cellular level
Genetics: how organisms pass traits to their offspring

3. Biology has different branches, cont’d
Evolution: changes in organisms over time
Microbiology: microscopic organisms
Botany: plants
Zoology: animals
Physiology: functions of living organisms and their parts

4. Microscopy e-
Electron microscope
Light microscope

5. Life is Diverse

6. Properties of Life

7. Living Things Are organized, and are made of one or
more cells (Cellular Organization)
Maintain stable internal conditions (Homeostasis)
Are capable of Reproduction
Exhibit Growth and development
Respond to their environment
(Responsiveness)

8. Pass traits to offspring (Heredity)
Use energy. Metabolism is the sum of all chemical reactions carried out in an organism.

9. Examples
Hummingbirds feed almost constantly to supply energy to their racing wings and hearts.
Metabolism, homeostasis

10. A butterfly emerges from a cocoon.
Development

11. A bacterium divides into new cells every 15 minutes
Reproduction

12. Homeostasis, responsiveness
 An elephant's large ears allow the blood in the ears to be cooled by as much as 10 degrees.
Homeostasis, responsiveness

13. A pill bug rolls into a ball when touched.
Responsiveness

14. Earthworms are made of specialized cells, such as digestive cells, muscle cells, skin cells, etc.
Cellular Organization

15. A female frog lays many eggs at a time
Reproduction

16. A toad burrows into the mud to prevent water loss during extended periods of dry weather.
Homeostasis, Responsiveness

17. An amoeba is composed of a single cell.
Cellular Organization

18. A child inherits cystic fibrosis from her parents
Heredity

19. Metabolism, cellular organization, homeostasis
Mitochondria in a cell release energy from sugars
Metabolism, cellular organization, homeostasis

20. A Venus flytrap traps an insect between its leaves.
Responsiveness

21. Stimulus or response? The bell rings at the end of a class period
Your dog runs into the kitchen when you open a can
A paramecium backs up and moves away when it encounters an obstacle.
A plant grows toward the window
A baby hears a loud noise
You pull your hand away after touching the hot oven

22. What is a SPECIES?
A group of organisms that can interbreed and produce fertile offspring in nature.
Example: All dogs are the same species
Dogs and wolves are not the same species