2.  Dr.Doaa booklet.  Dr.Alqahtani book  Browse

3. GALLSTONE HERNIA BREAST ( mass, breast abscess investigation management ) VASCULAR Burn grades and management

4.  All the topics are included  Not always there is a patient  You may asked to tell how to perform a physical exam verbally  Stoma ( indication, complication)  www.ksums.com

5.  The word stoma meaning mouth or opening.  A stoma is a surgically created abdominal opening to which part of the bowel is attached.

11.  Colostomy Colostomy  Ileostomy Ileostomy  Urostomy  Gastrostomy Gastrostomy

12.  Gastrointestinal stomas are used in various disorders e.g. inflammatory bowel disease, neoplasia, diverticular disease.inflammatory bowel disease  Urostomies are more rare and are usually used following invasive neoplasia of the bladder or prostate.

13.  Bowel infections  Bowel inflammation  Diverticulitis  Crohn's disease  Ulcerative colitis  Blocked bowel  Bowel cancer  Familial adenomatous polyposis (a precancerous condition)  Serious injury to the bowel.

14.  Excessive bleeding (haemorrhage)  Infection  Allergic reaction to surgical medications, such as anaesthesia  A portion of bowel protruding through the stoma (incisional hernia)  Diarrhoea  Dehydration  Narrowing of the stoma  Difficulties in passing faeces through the stoma and into the bag  Blockage of the stoma caused by scar tissue  Impacted faeces  Skin complaints caused by contact with faeces around the stoma

15.  Psychological aspect

16. اجتهاد شخصي قد لا يخلو من الخطأ

17. THANKS