1. Introduction to Invertebrates 5 th Grade

2. Invertebrates Animals without backbones can have bilateral symmetry, radial symmetry and no symmetry Are part of the Animal Kingdom like vertebrates

3. What percent of all animals are invertebrates? 97% of all animals are invertebrates

4. Introduction to Sponges

5. Did you Know? Sponges are so different from most animals that you know that people used to think that they were plants.

6. How are sponges like plants? How are they like animals? Like plants, they stay in one place. Like animals, they take food into their bodies instead of making it themselves Like animals, they need oxygen to breathe.

7. Where do sponges live? 1) mostly in the ocean (99%) 2) rivers 3) lakes

8. Attach themselves permanently to a solid location under water and do not move around

9. How many? Over 5,000 species of sponges!

10. Belongs to the phylum “porifera” Porifera = “having pores”

11. Body Structure: What type of animal symmetry do sponges have? Usually NO body symmetry They NEVER have tissues or organs A sponge looks like something like a hollow bag with a large opening at one end and many tiny pores covering its surface

12. Sponges Have no brain or central nervous system How big are they? Size: range in height from 1-200 cm and width of 1-150 cm.

13. Sponge Adaptations Most sponges have spikes ---Why? Spikes: – Support its soft body – Keep the sponge upright in the water (since it has no spine to do this) – Are a defense mechanism against predators

14. Sponge Body Structure Pores –small holes all over the sponge’s body that are used to allow water in Collar Cells –have whip-like structures that beat back and forth, helping water move through the sponge and trapping food Jelly-like Cells surrounding spikes –digest and distribute food, remove wastes, and form sperm or egg cells

15. Body Structure Collar Cell: Pores:

16. Osculum: an opening in the top of the sponge that allows wastes to exit

17. Take the Sponge Body Structure Tour! http://www.phschool.com/atschool/phsciexp/ active_art/structure_of_a_sponge/index.html http://www.phschool.com/atschool/phsciexp/ active_art/structure_of_a_sponge/index.html

18. Obtaining Food Sponges usually eat tiny single-celled organisms (usually microscopic life forms), as well as organic particles

19. Sponge Reproduction Reproduce both asexually and sexually Asexual reproduction is called “budding” – In budding, small sponges from the sides of an adult sponge Sexual reproduction – Reproduce sexually, but do NOT have separate sexes (males and females) because sponges have both sperm and egg cells

20. Sponge Reproduction Cycle

21. All about Sponges! http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=RmPTM965- 1c