1. Shape of the Day
What happened to France after they lost the Battle of France?
The Battle of Britain
The Blitz Begins
Assignment: Life during the Battle of Britain and the Blitz

2. Fall of France: Video Questions
Where is this scene taking place?
What had just happened in Europe?
How were the French treated by the Nazis? How were the Jews treated by the Nazis?
Was hiding Jews a crime in Nazi Occupied France?

3. The Battle of Britain

4. The Fall of France
On June 14, the capital of France had fallen to the Nazis
Four days earlier, the Italians would join the Nazi’s as defeat seemed impossible at this point
On June 25, the French would surrender

5. What Happened to France?
Northern France
Northern France was directly taken over by Germany
Southern France
Southern France was allowed to remain independent as long as it:
Agreed to hand over all Jews
Ally themselves with the Nazis

6. The Evacuation of Dunkirk
Before the Fall of France the Allies managed to save a large portion of their army
The Allies gathered every fishing, leisure, and ferry boat available to save troops
They would manage to save
198,000 British Soldiers
140,000 French and Belgium soldiers
Most of Britain’s heavy weapons and artillery

7. Europe Before the Battle of Britain

8. Hitler’s Next Move Hitler’s next target was Britain
Aside from Britain, Germany had no other opponents in Europe to stop them
Britain refused to sign a treaty as Winston Churchill refused to back down

9. Video: Churchill’s Response
What was Churchill's response to War?
What did he expect of the colonies if Britain were to fall to the Nazis?
Do you agree with Churchill’s mentality? Do you think empires should fight until their destruction?

10. A Battle in the Sky
Most of the German navy was wiped out after the costly fight in Norway
German would therefore use its air force (the Luftwaffe) to invade and conquer Britain
This would be the first air battle in history

11. Britain: Royal Air Force
At the start of World War Two, the RAF had 1660 planes ready for battle
On the eve of the Battle of Britain, the RAF had 1200 planes ready including 800 Spitfires and Hurricanes
Many of the pilots in the RAF were either Canadian or trained by Canadians

12. Germany: The Luftwaffe
At the beginning of World War Two, Germany had over 4000 aircraft
At the beginning of the Battle of the Britain, the Luftwaffe had 2500 serviceable planes
The Luftwaffe had a sizeable difference in aircraft but could only put up 1600 planes at a time

13. The Battle Begins The Battle of Britain began on July 10, 1940
German airplanes began bombing British runways and air stations with the hope of beating the RAF on the ground
At this point, the German plan was working
Britain was losing planes quickly and their stations were being destroyed quickly

14. What advantages did Britain have?
Britain Comes Back
What advantages did Britain have?
Home Advantage
Radar
ULTRA
Luck

15. Home Advantage
The Luftwaffe was forced to fly over the English Channel to attack Britain
Because of this they could not refuel or rearm themselves
This severely limited the actual time they could attack Britain
British pilots could land, refuel, and rearm quickly

16. Radar
Before World War Two, Britain had set up a series of radar towers along the south of England
These towers warned Britain about oncoming Nazi attacks
Britain could find out exactly where Nazi planes were and attack them before being attacked

17. ULTRA In 1942, British intellects had cracked the German code “Enigma”
With the code broken, the British new exactly where most German ships and planes were
This let the British predict where Germans would attack next and gave them an advantage

18. Luck
On September 15, 1940, Germany launched its last major attack on Britain
After this they changed to bombing British cities rather than airfields in order force Britain to surrender
Modern historians estimate that if the Nazis had continued their attack on British airfields for only one more day they would be forced to surrender

19. The Battle Ends… the Blitz Begins
With this change in strategy the Battle of Britain would end
The extreme bombing of England known as the London Blitz, however, would begin
This was to last until May 1941