1. Cardiff School of Nursing and Midwifery Studies Ysgol Astudiaethau Nyrsio a Bydwreigiaeth Caerdydd Good practice in academic writing Cardiff School of Nursing and Midwifery Studies Learning and Teaching and Educational Developments Committee

2. Cardiff School of Nursing and Midwifery Studies Ysgol Astudiaethau Nyrsio a Bydwreigiaeth Caerdydd Aims of the session 1.To understand what plagiarism is and how it can be avoided through good practice in academic work 2.To understand the implications of unfair practice in academic work

3. Cardiff School of Nursing and Midwifery Studies Ysgol Astudiaethau Nyrsio a Bydwreigiaeth Caerdydd Opening questions What do we mean by academic integrity? How does this link to professional integrity? ‘be open and honest, act with integrity and uphold the reputation of your profession’ The Code NMC 2008

4. Cardiff School of Nursing and Midwifery Studies Ysgol Astudiaethau Nyrsio a Bydwreigiaeth Caerdydd Definition Plagiarism: this is using the words or ideas of others without acknowledging them as such and submitting them for assessment as though they were one’s own work. ‘Words or ideas’ includes figures, diagrams, mathematics formulae, and computer programs. Cardiff University Unfair Practice Procedure

5. Cardiff School of Nursing and Midwifery Studies Ysgol Astudiaethau Nyrsio a Bydwreigiaeth Caerdydd Types of unfair practice within assignments Failing to reference the source: –quotations –paraphrasing –summary of words/ideas Using essay banks and/or any other external agencies The next slides give examples of these…

6. Cardiff School of Nursing and Midwifery Studies Ysgol Astudiaethau Nyrsio a Bydwreigiaeth Caerdydd https://ilrb.cf.ac.uk/citingreferences/tutorial/w hatis2.html References should be given for "all direct or indirect quotations, and in acknowledgement of someone’s opinions, or of a source of factual information which is not general knowledge" (Walliman 2001, p. 301). Li and Crane (1996) point out that the main objective of citing references is to give sufficient information to allow sources to be located. Additionally, "another important principle is to make reference to that information in the source in hand. As a rule, it is not necessary to provide supplementary information that has to be located elsewhere" (Li and Crane 1996, p. 3). General overviews of the process of citing references are given by Bosworth (1992) and Craig (2003) and in Walliman (2008, Chapter 8 pp. 300-313).

7. Cardiff School of Nursing and Midwifery Studies Ysgol Astudiaethau Nyrsio a Bydwreigiaeth Caerdydd Which is correct? "Having a home is a basic human need; we all need somewhere to live. For those people within society without a home life is barely tolerable, and for a society (especially a modern welfare state) a continuing problem of homelessness is an indictment of the ability of that society to meet the welfare needs of all its citizens. Yet homelessness remains a significant problem in affluent, welfare, Britain at the beginning of the twenty-first century, with hundreds of people sleeping rough on the streets of towns and cities every night because they do not have a home of their own to go to". (Alcock 2003, p. 73). Alcock, P. 2003. Social policy in Britain. 2nd ed. London: Palgrave.

8. Cardiff School of Nursing and Midwifery Studies Ysgol Astudiaethau Nyrsio a Bydwreigiaeth Caerdydd Having a home is a basic human need; we all need somewhere to live". However, despite the fact that Britain is a wealthy society with an established welfare state, there are still many homeless people living on the streets. 1

9. Cardiff School of Nursing and Midwifery Studies Ysgol Astudiaethau Nyrsio a Bydwreigiaeth Caerdydd "Having a home is a basic human need; we all need somewhere to live" (Alcock 2003, p. 73). However, as Alcock (2003) points out, despite the fact that Britain is a wealthy society with an established welfare state, there are still many homeless people living on our streets. 2

10. Cardiff School of Nursing and Midwifery Studies Ysgol Astudiaethau Nyrsio a Bydwreigiaeth Caerdydd Having a home is a basic human need; we all need somewhere to live. (Alcock 2003, p. 73). However, even in affluent, welfare Britain, there are still hundreds of people sleeping rough. 3

11. Cardiff School of Nursing and Midwifery Studies Ysgol Astudiaethau Nyrsio a Bydwreigiaeth Caerdydd What type of unfair practice is this? “Having a home is a basic human need; we all need somewhere to live. For those people within society without a home life is barely tolerable, and for a society (especially a modern welfare state) a continuing problem of homelessness is an indictment of the ability of that society to meet the welfare needs of all its citizens. Yet homelessness remains a significant problem in affluent, welfare, Britain at the beginning of the twenty-first century, with hundreds of people sleeping rough on the streets of towns and cities every night because they do not have a home of their own to go to". (Alcock 2003, p. 73). Submitted text of student essay Having a home is a basic human need; we all need somewhere to live. However, despite the fact that Britain has an established welfare state, there are still many homeless people living on our streets.

12. Cardiff School of Nursing and Midwifery Studies Ysgol Astudiaethau Nyrsio a Bydwreigiaeth Caerdydd Essay banks “What’s wrong with me spending my money how I like if it’s going to help me pass?” “My whole family supported me in coming here – I can’t let them down.” “Everyone’s doing it – what’s so bad?”

13. Cardiff School of Nursing and Midwifery Studies Ysgol Astudiaethau Nyrsio a Bydwreigiaeth Caerdydd Is this plagiarism? (eight examples) 1. Copy and paste a paragraph of text from a web site without enclosing it in quotation marks and referencing the source. 2. Use the ideas of another author without providing a reference even if you write them in your own words. 3. Claim work produced by another student as your own. 4. Copy a diagram or data table from a web site, providing a reference for the source underneath. 5. Submit all or part of one essay for two separate assignments. 6. Copy words from a book into your own work, but place quotation marks around them and provide a citation 7. Include a fact or saying in your assignment which is generally known without referencing the original source. 8. Incorporate text from another source, changing one or two words and providing a citation.

14. Cardiff School of Nursing and Midwifery Studies Ysgol Astudiaethau Nyrsio a Bydwreigiaeth Caerdydd Good practice in academic work referencing –even when freely available –even when unpublished reading with understanding –summarise –analyse –synthesise collaborating not colluding –when to “just say ‘no’”? cross-cultural issues –critical thinking versus honouring your elders and betters i.e. put it in your own words!

15. Cardiff School of Nursing and Midwifery Studies Ysgol Astudiaethau Nyrsio a Bydwreigiaeth Caerdydd Unfair practice is not just plagiarism collusion self-plagiarism examination misconduct acting dishonestly in any way

16. Cardiff School of Nursing and Midwifery Studies Ysgol Astudiaethau Nyrsio a Bydwreigiaeth Caerdydd Final words of warning Plagiarism is illegal and it is cheating You cheat yourself out of learning – writing essays are a very powerful vehicle for learning It negates the purpose of being on the programme – why did you bother? Damages the reputation of the University, cheapens the value of your qualification Breaches copyright & trust Can shatter your aspirations, career prospects & reputation in the long term: –Shame, disappointment –Irreparable damage to relationships –Indelible guilt and regret –Permanent record of misconduct

17. Cardiff School of Nursing and Midwifery Studies Ysgol Astudiaethau Nyrsio a Bydwreigiaeth Caerdydd Review of the aims of the session 1.To understand what plagiarism is and how it can be avoided through good practice in academic work 2.To understand the implications of unfair practice in academic work

18. Cardiff School of Nursing and Midwifery Studies Ysgol Astudiaethau Nyrsio a Bydwreigiaeth Caerdydd Essential further reading SoNMS School Handbook https://ilrb.cf.ac.uk/plagiarism/tutorial/p ractice3.html

19. Cardiff School of Nursing and Midwifery Studies Ysgol Astudiaethau Nyrsio a Bydwreigiaeth Caerdydd References Alcock, P. 2003. Social policy in Britain. 2nd ed. London: Palgrave. Bosworth, D.P. 1992. Citing your references: a guide for authors of journal articles and students writing theses or dissertations. Thirsk, N Yorks: Underhill Press. Craig, P. 2003. How to cite. Documentation Studies 10(1), pp. 114-122. Li, X. and Crane, N. B. 1996. Electronic styles: a handbook for citing electronic information. 2nd ed. Medford, New Jersey: Information Today. Walliman, N. 2001. Your research project: a step-by-step guide for the first-time researcher. London: SAGE.

20. Cardiff School of Nursing and Midwifery Studies Ysgol Astudiaethau Nyrsio a Bydwreigiaeth Caerdydd Thank you