1. Photosynthesis, Respiration and Transpiration Essential Standard 6. L. 1. 2

2. Photosynthesis

3. Photosynthesis:  This is the process by which plants make their own food  Photosynthesis takes place in the leaf!  Chloroplasts are found in the cells of the leaf and contain chlorophyll ( a green pigment that absorbs the light energy from the sun)

4.  Sunlight is used to provide the energy necessary for photosynthesis to take place  Plants use carbon dioxide gas from the air and water taken in through the roots to make sugar (food)  Oxygen is produced during the process of photosynthesis

5.  The oxygen is released into the air, through openings, or pores, in the leaf called stomata.  Photosynthesis provides the oxygen in the atmosphere that most living organisms need

6. Chloroplasts make the sugars!

7. Plants Leaves are green because they contain the pigment: chlorophyll Leaves have a large surface area to absorb as much light as possible light "Thanks for the Glucose!"

8. Visible light is only a small part of the electromagnetic spectrum (all forms of light).

10. Why is photosynthesis important?  Give some ideas as to why you think it is important!

11. Photosynthesis-starts to ecological food webs!

12. Respiration Food = Energy

13. Respiration:  The food (sugar) that is created through the process of photosynthesis is used to provide energy needed by the plants to perform life functions  To get the energy, plants must break down the sugar in a process called respiration

14. Respiration

15.  In this process, oxygen from the air combines with the sugar  The sugar is then broken down into carbon dioxide and water  Energy is then released  The released energy can then be used by the plant to perform life functions  Carbon dioxide and water that are formed are given off through the leaves (transpiration)

17. Transpiration  The loss of water vapor in plants is called transpiration.  This occurs as a product of the process of respiration.  Most of the water vapor escapes through structures in the leaf called stomata, which are located on the underside of the leaf.  The primary function of the stomata is to regulate the exchange of carbon dioxide and water vapor with the atmosphere.

18.  Without a way to control transpiration, plants would whither up and die  Plants are able to control transpiration by using guard cells

19.  Guard cells are located on the bottom of the leaf and open and close the stomata (plural; Greek for mouth)  When the stomata are closed, no water is released.

21. Plant leaves have many types of cells!

23. Plant Cells

24. Tropisms http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/7/7d/Brunnichia_ovata_.jpg http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/8e/Phototropism.jpg http://scienceprojectideasforkids.com/wp-content/uploads/2010/07/plant-upside-down-planting.jpg http://o.quizlet.com/kxXvps6OUB5gyh5TIlElgg_m.jpg Standard- 6-2.8

25. Plant Tropisms Plant Tropisms  STUMULUS  A change in the environment that causes a response or reaction.  RESPONSE  The reply to the change in the environment or stimulus.  DORMANCY  An inactive period when the plant or seed prepares for harsh conditions  Dormancy allows various species to survive in particular environments.  Dormancy helps to ensure seeds will germinate when conditions are favorable for survival of the small seedlings.

26. TROPISMS Standard 6-2.8 TROPISMS Standard 6-2.8  TROPISMS  Plants can change their growth in response to their environment.  PHOTOTROPISM  The way a plant grows or bends in response to LIGHT.  GRAVITROPISM  The way a plant grows in response to GRAVITY.  HYDROTROPISM  The way a plant grows in response to water.  THIGMOTROPISM  The way a plant grows or bends in response to touch.

27. Fungi They are a kingdom of organisms that DO NOT make their own food. They are a kingdom of organisms that DO NOT make their own food. Many types grow in or on other organisms, such as plants.Many types grow in or on other organisms, such as plants. Grain mold, corn smut and wheat/leaf rust cause diseases on the plants.Grain mold, corn smut and wheat/leaf rust cause diseases on the plants. If a fungus infects a tree, fruit,or grass, it can eventually kill the plant.If a fungus infects a tree, fruit,or grass, it can eventually kill the plant. All fungi are not harmful. All fungi are not harmful. * Some can be eaten and used for medicines. Examples- mushrooms, blue cheese, and penicillin Standard- 6-2.9