2. Introduction to the GSM– -Wireless communication system Definition -handoff -Call setup -Cell shape -GSM Applications

3. At the end of 1980 : the 2G system was introduced to support voice and data traffic,also higer spectral efficiency. The 2G GSM canable to prove 9.6 kbps of data rate. Circuits switched data packet switched data

4. Global system for mobile (GSM) is a second generation Cellular standard developed to cater voice services and data delivery using digital modulation.

5. 1. Improved spectrum efficiency. 2. International roaming. 3. Low coast mobile sets and base stations.(BSs) 4. High quality speech. 5. Support for new services.

6. Wireless communications is a type of data communication that is performed and delivered wirelessly. Base station : affixed station in mobile systems used to connects with the mobile station Mobile station : station in the cellular radio service in the ended for use in a cell at any location.

7. The process of transferring a mobile station (MS) from one base station (BS) to other.

8. MSC : a switching centre which coordinates the routing of a cell along service area.its also connects the MS,BS to the PSTN (public switching telephone network) Up link Reverse ch Down link Forward ch MS BS

9. When a cellular phone is turned on,it scans for the group of (fcc) to determine the one with strongest signal from The BS. When a telephone call is placed to a ms, the MSC dispatched the request to all BS in the cellular system.

10. -Home location register (HLR) is list of MS in cell. -The BS receives the paging messages sent by the MSC which monitors the location of the ms (in which cell ) -The BS relays the acknowledgment sent by the MS and informs the MSC of hand shake.

11. The actual size (shape) for the cell : - No over lap between cell - No gap between cell

12. * Mobile telephony *GSM-R *Telemetry system *Value added services

13. Thanks