1. MARS
By: Charanjit, Richard & Cesar

2. Planet Position in the Solar System
Mar is the fourth planet from the Sun
Seventh largest in our solar system
Known as one of the terrestrial or rocky planets

3. Formation & Age of Mars 4.6 billion years old!
Scientist believe, Mars and the rest of the planets were formed from a solar nebula 4.6 billion years ago.
Formed from massive rocks colliding and breaking up producing huge quantities of dust and particles.

4. What is the Size of Mars?
Well there are so many different ways to measure the size of the Red Planet
Here are 4 ways!

5. Diameter of Mars Diameter of 6794km Radius of 3397km
That’s only 53% the diameter of Earth

6. Surface Area Surface Area: 145,000,000 km^2
Mars only has about 28% the surface area of the Earth!
*Interesting Fact*

7. Volume Mars Volume: 1.63x10^11 km^3
That’s only 15% the volume of Earth
*Interesting Fact*

8. Mass
Mars Mass: 6.4x10^23 kg
Density: 3.933g/cm^3

9. Distance Distance of Mars from the Sun: 227,920,000km
Distance of Mars from Earth: Depends on the position of the two planets in their orbits.
Can be as small as 54,500,000km or as large as 401,300,000km

10. Gravitational Force
Due to mass and density of Mars, force of gravity on Mars is 38% of that on Earth
A person standing on Mars would feel as if his or her weight had decreased by 62 %
A rock dropped on Mars will drop more slowly than a rock on earth

11. Rotation Rotates on its axis from West to East
Martian solar day is 24 hours minutes 35 seconds long! (about the same as of Earth)
Axis of Mars is not perpendicular to the planet's orbital plane, the axis is tilted from the perpendicular position like earth

12. Orbit Travels around the sun in an elliptical orbit
Slightly more stretched than the orbits of Earth and other planets
Orbits around sun takes Earth days (Martian Year)

13. Moons / Satellites Two small moons called Phobos and Deimos
Discovered by Asaph Hall in 1877
Moons are irregularly shaped
Phobos orbits Mars quickest
Diameter of Phobos: 27 km Diameter: Deimos: 15 km

14. Magnetic Field Remnants of a magnetic field
Had a full magnetic field but giant asteroids slamming into Mars may have wiped out the planetary magnetic field

15. Tilt
Mars has a tilt of 25.2 degrees, very close to the 23.5 degrees of Earth

16. Atmosphere Contains much less oxygen (O2) than that of Earth
O2 composes only 0.13%, compared with 21 % in Earth's atmosphere
CO2 makes up 95.3% of atmosphere
Other gases include nitrogen, argon, carbon monoxide

17. Climate Change Some similar climates to Earth
Polar ice caps, seasonal changes and the observable presence of weather patterns
Differences such as the absence of liquid water (though frozen water exists)

18. Average Temperature Average Temperature: -63 °C
Highest Recorded Temperature: 20 °C
Lowest Recorded Temperature: -140 °C

19. Geological Features Enormous Shield Volcanoes
Largest volcano on Mars is called Olympus Mons
Running Water Erosion
Channels around1500 km long and 200 km wide that appear to been cut by running water

20. Cont.. Large Canyon Systems The largest is Valles Marineris,
Polar Ice Caps
Wind Erosion
High velocity seasonal winds (dust storms)

21. Space Probes Vikings 1 and 2, first space probes to land on Mars
Probes measured wind speed, wind direction, atmospheric temperature, and atmospheric pressure. 
Viking orbits mapped the Martian surface

22. Interesting Facts Mars seasons are twice as long as those on Earth
Mars red color is due to iron oxide, also known as rust, metallic rocks on Mar’s are rusting
The symbol for Mars is the same as the symbol for male sex
The month of March is named after Mars
Water on Mars? NASA proved it!

24. Gullies (liquid water)