1. An Energy-Aware Periodical Data Gathering Protocol Using Deterministic Clustering in Wireless Sensor Networks (WSN) Mohammad Rajiullah & Shigeru Shimamoto Graduate School of Global Information and Telecommunication Studies Waseda University WCNC 2007

2. Outline Introduction Related Work Network and Radio Model Deterministic Clustering Based Protocol Simulation Results Conclusion and Future Work

3. Introduction

4. As sensor nodes are typically battery-powered, replacing and recharging batteries are often not possible. In network processing through data aggregation can eliminate data redundancy, reduce communication overload and thus save energy.

5. Introduction (cont.) Cluster Head Cluster member node Cluster Cluster based system model of the proposed protocol

6. Introduction (cont.) Consider periodical data collection from a sensor field to a remote BS in energy efficient manner. This paper proposes the non randomness in the cluster head selection process the inconsistent number of clusters selection in randomized protocol.

7. Related Work

8. Low Energy Adaptive Clustering Hierarchy (LEACH ) (“Energy-efficient communication protocol for wireless microsensor networks,” HICSS 2000) The variability in the number of CHs adversely affects the energy efficiency, fairness among nodes and the system life time. Uses cluster formation in every round which increases the overhead of the protocol.

9. Network and Radio Model

10. Assumption The fixed BS is located far from the sensor field. All sensor nodes are homogeneous, energy constrained and started with uniform energy. The nodes are equipped with the power control abilities to vary their transmitter power.

11. Assumption (cont.) Each sensor also possesses the ability to transmit to any other node or directly to BS. Every node is provided with an identification (id) number and there is no mobility. Sensors are sensing the environment at a fixed rate and thus always have data to send to the BS.

12. Radio Model The total transmission cost for sending a k bit message to a distance d meter ： (“An Application Specific Protocol Architecture for Wireless Microsensor Networks,” Trans. On Wireless Communication 2002) E elec = 50 nJ/bit, e fs = 10 pJ/bit/m2, e mp = 0.0013pJ/bit/m 4, d 0 = 87.0m. Radio speed is set as 1 mbps. the energy cost for data fusion is considered as E DA = 5nJ/bit/message

13. Deterministic Clustering Based Protocol

14. 10 7 22 1 26 4 27 15 2 19 29 30 9 25 6 14 11 17 3 21 13 8 28 23 20 5 12 16 18 24 Primary cluster cluster_head_release

15. Deterministic Clustering Based Protocol (cont.) After the cluster formation, sensor starts data collection and transmission. Uses TDMA schedule describes when each of the cluster member node can transmit data to the CH.

16. Simulation Results

17. Parameters Use the same simulation parameter values used in LEACH. Randomly distributed 100 sensor nodes in a place of 100 m X100 m with the BS at location (x=50m, y=175 m) Adapt the same MAC protocol in the proposed protocol as used in the LEACH.

18. Parameters (cont.) All the sensor nodes start with 1 Joule of energy. The size of the data message sets as 500 bytes. The packet header size for each type of packet sets as 25 bytes. Run the simulation until 60% of the total nodes die.

19. Simulation Results (cont.) Impact of En_diff on the span of network life time

20. Simulation Results (cont.) The impact of R on the span of the network life time.

21. Simulation Results (cont.) Energy consumption comparison between the proposed protocol and LEACH En_diff= 45 R= 40m

22. Simulation Results (cont.) Network lifetime of the proposed protocol and LEACH

23. Simulation Results (cont.)

24. Conclusion and Future Work

25. Conclusion This paper propose a protocol for periodical data gathering in the energy constrained WSNs. The efficiency of the proposed protocol goes further by introducing the residual energy based CH rotation which simplifies the overhead and saves node energy.

26. Future work Focusing on the more energy efficient CH scheduling in the primary cluster formation phase. To improve the performance of data transmission phase.

27. Thank You!