1. Be ready to take notes!

2. Unit 6 Lesson 11 Thermal Energy Lesson 12 Temperature Lesson 13 (Optional)

3. Mission The mission of the Michigan Virtual Charter Academy is to provide an innovative, intensive academic preparation that inspires and educates students to achieve the highest levels of academic knowledge and skills. Michigan Virtual Charter Academy embraces a collaborative partnership between teachers and parents in order to empower student to reach extraordinary heights. Extraordinary results require extraordinary efforts! Through commitment, hard work. Consistency, and responsibility, every students will meet the challenge of mastering high expectations.

4. Vision The vision of Michigan Virtual Charter Academy is to lift students up in a safe, student-centered environment to become confident leaders of the digital age.

5. Agenda House keeping Thermal Energy – Conduction – Convection – Radiation Temperature – Temperature vs. Thermal energy – Expansion and Contraction – Thermometers Fahrenheit, Celsius, Kelvin Converting Exit ticket

6. House keeping Office Hours – Mrs. Schneider’s Tuesday 2-3pm – Mrs. Burt’s Wednesday 2-3pm You can attend either office hours, but only Kmail your teacher with questions. Remember to be positive! Remember to be positive!

7. Lesson 11 Objectives Thermal Energy radiation, convection, or conduction. 1.Compare and contrast the transfer of thermal energy through radiation, convection, or conduction. kinetic energy 2.Recognize that changes in the temperature of an object will affect the kinetic energy of that object. higher temperature lower temperature 3.Describe how thermal energy flows from a system of higher temperature to a system of lower temperature.

8. Why does an popsicle melt on a warm tongue? There is a temperature difference between the tongue and the popsicle, so heat energy flows from the warm tongue into the cold popsicle. This means that the popsicle melts as it gets warmer.

9. Review Kinetic energy is the energy of motion Potential energy is the stored energy of position. New Thermal energy is the total energy of an object. That is the total of the kinetic and potential energy

10. Thermal Energy depends on the size of the object. Which block has more atoms? Which block has more energy? Which block has more thermal energy?

11. Thermal energy depends on temperature of the object. Which block has more kinetic Energy? Which block’s atoms are moving faster? Which block as more thermal energy? Thermal energy is the total of all the internal energy in an object.

12. Heat The flow of thermal energy from one object to another. Heat always always flows from warmer to cooler objects. Ice gets warmer while hand gets cooler Cup gets cooler while hand gets warmer

13. Heat transfer is a flow of energy between two objects due to a temperature difference between the objects. hot object to a colder object. – Heat transfer is the way in which thermal energy is moved from a hot object to a colder object. Hot water Cold water (90. o C) (10. o C) Water Water (50. o C) (50. o C)

14. thermal equilibrium What is thermal equilibrium? Thermal equilibrium – when the atoms of both blocks are moving the same amount or have the same temperature. Thermal Equilibrium

15. When hot water and ice are placed in a closed system: 1. The energy lost by the hot water is equal to 2. The energy gained by the ice. thermal equilibrium 3. Eventually, the contents reach thermal equilibrium.

16. What is Heat? Heat is the movement of thermal energy, or the transfer of thermal energy, from one substance to another; Why does a chocolate bar melt when you hold it in your hand?

17. Heat is transferred from warmer to cooler objects Remember: Objects do not contain heat. Instead they contain thermal energy. Heat is just the transfer of that thermal energy.

18. Heat is the transition of thermal energy from a hotter to a cooler body Radiation Conduction Convection Heat is transferred in three ways

19. What is conduction? How are the particles arranged in a solid, a liquid and a gas? solid liquid gas Particles that are very close together can transfer heat energy as they vibrate. This type of heat transfer is called conduction.

20. CONDUCTION......... direct contact...... heat transferred through a substance or from one substance to another by direct contact of molecules. solids, gases, and liquids BEST in solids CONDUCTION can take place in solids, gases, and liquids, but takes place BEST in solids, because the molecules of a solid are in direct contact with one another. Which picture is showing conduction?

22. Convection form of currents Convection is the transfer of heat by the actual motion of a fluid (liquid or gas) in the form of currents. Convection comes from a Latin word meaning "to carry together."

23. CONVECTION................... heat energy transferred through liquids and gases by means of up-and-down movements called convection currents. WHEN A LIQUID is heated, the molecules begin to move faster. The hot water at the bottom of the pot rises to the top of the pot, and is replaced by the cooler water. Next the cooler water is heated.

24. Boiling water

25. Weather patterns and their movement are dependent on convection currents.....

26. Does your refrigerator use convection?

28. RADIATION heat energy transferred through space. Heat from the sun reaches the Earth by means of RADIATION...... ( 8 minutes at 186,000 miles per second). fireplace...Heat lamp...

30. Land heats up and cools down faster than water

31. Lesson 12 Objectives Temperature solid, liquid, or gas are the result of temperature increase or decrease. 1.Explain that changes in the position and motion of atoms in a solid, liquid, or gas are the result of temperature increase or decrease. temperature 2.Explain how the kinetic energy of atoms or molecules of different objects varies with their temperature. differences between 3.Describe the differences between thermal energy, kinetic energy, potential energy, and temperature.

32. Temperature average kinetic energy Temperature is a measure of average kinetic energy of the molecules of an object. average As temperature increases, so does the average kinetic energy of the molecules.

33. Examples Why does this help to get the lid off? The temperature of the metal increase, it expands.

34. LIQUIDS....... Most liquids expand when they are heated. Exception: water expands as it cools. As the volume increases, the density decreases.

35. Temperature The higher the average KE, the higher the temperature Which substance has a lower temperature? When the temperature increases the particles move faster.

36. Temperature and Thermal Energy What’s the difference? Temperature IS NOT HOW HOT OR COLD SOMETHING IS! Temperature is defined as the measure of the average kinetic energy of the individual particles in an object. Thermal energy is defined as the total energy of all the particles in an object.

37. Thermal Energy VS. Temperature

38. TEMPERATURE IS a measure of the average kinetic energy of the molecules in a substance. Thermal energy is defined as the total energy of all the particles in a substance Adding thermal energy to a substance increases the average kinetic energy of the molecules and therefore causes a rise in temperature. Higher temperature = faster molecular motion Lower temperature = slower molecular motion

39. If these two blocks are the same temperature that would mean what? They have the same average kinetic energy of their atoms.

40. A THERMOMETER IS AN instrument used for measuring temperature and works because of thermal expansion....... As the liquid (usually alcohol) in a thermometer gets warmer, it expands and rises in the tube. The opposite happens as the liquid gets cooler.

42. Fahrenheit and Celsius People around the world measure temperature with different scales. Two common scales are Fahrenheit and Celsius. Let’s compare them by considering the freezing and boiling points of water.

43. CELSIUS FAHRENHEIT boiling 100 degrees point 212 degrees (water) human 37 degrees body 98.6 degrees temp Comfortable room temp. freezing 0 degrees point32 degrees (water) 20 degrees 68 degrees

44. Converting Fahrenheit and Celsius To convert Fahrenheit to Celsius: °C = (5/9) (°F – 32) To convert Celsius to Fahrenheit: °F = (9/5) (°C) + 32 Notice the difference! Order matters! Change 20°C to Fahrenheit °F = (9/5) (20°C) + 32 °F = (1.8) (20°C) + 32 °F = (36) + 32 °F = 68 20°C = 68°F

45. SCIENTISTS SOMETIMES USE another metric temperature scale  the KELVIN SCALE. You can CONVERT Celsius degrees to Kelvins (K) simply by ADDING 273 to the Celsius temperature. 0 ºC = 273 K 100 ºC = 373 K0 K = -273 ºC The LOWEST temperature than can be reached ( a point in which all molecular motion stops ), is called ABSOLUTE ZERO or 0 K.

46. Celsius (C) 0 0 212

47. Matching… 1.Farenheit Scale 2.Celsius Scale 3.Kelvin Scale 4.Absolute Zero 5.Thermal Energy 6.Temperature a.the temperature scale used in most of the world b.The total energy of all particles in a substance c.The temperature at which no more energy can be removed from an object d.A temperature scale in which the interval between the freezing point and boiling point of water is divided into 180 equal parts e.A measure of average kinetic energy of the individual particles in an object f.A temperature scale with no negative numbers

48. Matching… 1.Farenheit Scale 2.Celsius Scale 3.Kelvin Scale 4.Absolute Zero 5.Thermal Energy 6.Temperature a.the temperature scale used in most of the world b.The total energy of all particles in a substance c.The temperature at which no more energy can be removed from an object d.A temperature scale in which the interval between the freezing point and boiling point of water is divided into 180 equal parts e.A measure of average kinetic energy of the individual particles in an object f.A temperature scale with no negative numbers

49. Exit ticket Fill out the following Exit ticket. https://docs.google.com/forms/d/19BWiIhjt- CxcYcCnZKkBd5WSJruWUCnsNEIWjaeHH1Q/vi ewform https://docs.google.com/forms/d/19BWiIhjt- CxcYcCnZKkBd5WSJruWUCnsNEIWjaeHH1Q/vi ewform If you have question, come to office hours!