1. Energy Sources
for Organisms
Energy flows in an ecosystem
entropy >

2. The Great Weather Engine
OUT
OUT
GhE
Figure 9.3 7

3. The Great Weather Engine
collects
Figure 9.6 3 4
Cycle drives the
hydrologic cycle
by loading water,
moving it and
unloading it.
Chapter 10 2 5
collects 1
Moving air
creates the
pressure
differences 10

4. recycling of materials
Ecological Economics
neoclassical economics ecological economics
natural resources
obtain... use... discard obtain... use... reuse... recycle
natural capital
regarded as plentiful, cheap seen as valuable
recycling of materials
takes place in ecosystems that are regeneration part of the valued as resources & waste dumps economy

5. 126 billion acres of earth surface
ECOLOGICAL FOOTPRINT- amount of land needed to support a given activity… for example, life of a city
126 billion acres of earth surface
31 billion acres of bio-productive land
6 billion people on earth
5.2 acres of bio-capacity… a 5.2 acre footprint
7 acres per person is the average footprint at present
1 acre per person is the footprint allowed it we allot 80 % of the earth for non-human ecosystems
FOOTPRINT takes into account
the land use for supporting
humans shown in the diagram at
the left.
fossil energy built food forest
consumed environment land products
energy consumed farm land forest land
land land

6. Ecological Economics 6000 World load in 1999 At US per capita level
5000
World load in 1986
Recall
the third
factor
that is
related to
load on
the Earth
CARE
fossil energy built food forest
consumption environment land products
4000
graph areas
represent
the size of
this
footprint
3000
Population in Millions
2000
1000
World load in 1800
US load in 1986
500
World load in 1500
Per Capita Energy Use Kcal/day
Stress-effect of population and resource/energy use on Earth is the “Footprint”. Ecological economics will reduce per capita use of energy and natural resources Less load on the Earth

7. Shrinking the Waste Stream
some approaches to waste reduction
producing less waste the most basic and effective one
life-cycle assessment of products to reduce waste, toxics
evaluate mining, harvesting, manufacturing, packaging processes