1. The Continuing Cold War
Chapter 19: Section 4

2. The McCarthy Era
How did you feel during the “red dot” exercise? How did you decide who to let in your group and who not to?

3. McCarthy’s Rise to Power
1st term in Senate was undistinguished, needed issue to arouse public support…communism
Claimed to have 205 Communist names in U.S. government
Accusations and smear tactic called McCarthyism
Simply being accused by McCarthy caused people to lose their jobs
Other Senators feared him because they thought opposing him would paint a communist picture around them

4. McCarthy’s Fall Never proved any of his conspiracy charges
His followers stopped supporting him
Last straw = attacked U.S. Army for harboring communists
In 1954 Senate passed a vote of censure against McCarthy
Died of liver failure three years later

5. The Cold War in the 1950’s Eisenhower Southeast Asia
Avoid war w/ USSR at all costs
Southeast Asia
1953 brought an end to the Korean War
U.S. continues to aid France in controlling their colony in Vietnam, but resist greater involvement, for now…
Uprisings in W. Germany, Poland, and Hungary. USA stays out of the way

6. The Cold War in the 1950’s The Middle East
New nation of Israel…supported by the United Nations
Arabs…supported by the Soviet Union
U.S. worked to prevent oil-rich Arab nations from falling to Soviet influence
Egypt and the Suez Canal
Eisenhower Doctrine
Support in Middle East against Communism
Israel vs. Palestine
Oil-Rich Iran: US supports non-nationalist group in Iran.
Egypt seeks USSR support, US & GB shut off aid to Egypt. Egypt responds by taking back the Suez Canal. GB & France attack for canal. Eisenhower prevents NATO from supporting to avoid confrontation w USSR

7. The Cold War in the 1950’s Latin America
CIA helps to overthrow Guatemalan government due to radicalism
Rio Pact: regional defense alliance with 18 other nations in Western Hemisphere
Guatemala: Re-seized property of US fruit company that had been seized by the Guatemalan government.

8. The Arms Race The Growth of Nuclear Arsenals
Soviets have their own hydrogen bomb
Deterrence was the policy of making the military power so strong no enemy would dare attack
: 19 hydrogen bomb tests (750 Xs more powerful than atomic bomb)

9. The Arms Race Brinkmanship
John Dulles policy of getting on the brink of war and then getting out at the end
Many Democrats see it as Russian Roulette
John Dulles = Eisenhower’s Secretary of State

10. The Arms Race Cold War in the Skies
Soviets focus on intercontinental ballistic missiles (ICBMs), U.S. lagged behind Soviets
Soviets launch Sputnik, first artificial satellite to orbit earth
American U-2 spy planes, which fly 15 miles high in the air get shot down, known as U-2 incident
This caused U.S. to spend lots of money to catch up with Soviets
Military Industrial Complex: Warned the US that this could create a financial stake in war making. In other words, US benefits financially greatly from going to war. This is a problem…