1. 1841-1848

2.  Strong nationalistic program  Pro-bank  Pro- protective tariff  Pro-internal improvements  William Henry Harrison dies 4 wks into office  John Tyler – a Democrat in Whig clothing ◦ Expelled from party ◦ Daniel Webster – Secretary of State – only one not to resign

3.  2 Anglo-American Wars  Travel Books  Money (Borrowing)  Attack of the American Steamer, Caroline  In Bahamas, British give asylum to some American slaves  Maine boundary dispute with Canada, Aroostook War

4.  1839-1840 – concluded treaties with France, Holland, & Belgium ◦ To serve as protectorates  Britain very interested in independent Texas ◦ Cotton ◦ Puppet to challenge Monroe Doctrine ◦ Free slaves

5.  Texas leading issue in 1844 Presidential race ◦ James K. Polk (D) defeats Henry Clay (W)  Tyler arranges for annexation by joint resolution  Mexico angry  Dispute Nueces River v. Rio Grande river  Manifest Destiny – 1840s – 1850s ◦ Almighty God had “manifestly” destined the American people to spread their great views  “Great Compromiser” – Clay compromises his way out of White House  Liberty party spoils Clay’s chances

6.  Britain and US ◦ Dispute over Oregon  Hudson’s Bay Company – most important colonizing agency for British  American missionaries  Saving Indians in Willamette River Valley

7.  Polk’s four-point program 1. Lower tariffs Walker Tariff 1846 – produced revenue 2.Restoration of independent treasury 3.Acquisition of California 4.Settlement of Oregon dispute 2.49 line

8.  Polk sends Slidell to purchase ◦ Slidell rejected  Polk sends Zachary Taylor “Old Rough & Ready”  Declare war based on 1.Unpaid claims 2.Slidell’s rejection  Mexico attacks ◦ Congress votes to go to war  Lincoln questions Polk

9.  Santa Anna plays games with Polk ◦ Polk sends Winfield Scott ◦ Capt. John C. Fremont to California ◦ Trist (State department) signs Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo  $18,250,000  Provides field experience for Civil War ◦ Navy ◦ Generals ◦ Military Academies

10.  Slavery should never exist in any territory from Mexico  Not law but endorsed by all but 1 free state