1. 1 NEON sortie April/May 2006 Goal: Primary: Fly infra-red camera (IIR) for NEON validation, i.e. measure the infra-red signature/contrast RUNWAY vs. GRASS (under various atmospheric conditions) Secondary: Take photos of a ship & ship wakes with the IR camera Conditions/Timing: Clear-Skies + Around Lunchtime (for max. IR contrast) Up to 3 dedicated flights of 4.5 hours (or more shorter flights) Key Instrumentation: IR camera ! Met (RH, T) ! ARIES, Heimann, [SWS] Aerosol (PCASP, PSAP, Neph) Andreas Keil, 20 April 2006

2. 2 It CAN work !!! Niamey runway

3. 3 Royal Air Force Stations: RAF St Mawgan Wattisham Airfield Exeter Cranfield

4. 4 Wattisham Airfield Should always be available

5. 5 RAF St Mawgan Not available: April & 3rd week of May Combine with Ship & Ship Wake task!

6. 6 NEON Sortie Time Height 10,000 ft 3,000 ft Extra tasks: ships & ship wakes 1,000 ft 5,000 ft ≈2.5h M/A 2M/A 1 V/P 1 V/P 2 V/P = “fast” vertical profile M/A = missed approach over runway HAL = “Heimann-ARIES loop” ≈0.5 hup to 1.5h 500 ft HAL LandingTake off 500 ft HAL Priority task: over or nearby runway

7. 7 IIR Important: Wavelength range: 8 – 9.2 microns Calibration! (Joss) IR video output (about 25 frames/second?!) Incorporates a spotter camera Field of View (FoV): 45, 23 or 11 degrees depending on lens fitted Mounted in Large Radiometer Blister (DEIMOS position)  view up to 35 deg below the horizontal Record both! Take 11! Fly accordingly!

8. 8 Runway Grass Keep runway in FoV ! - side view - ARIES IR cam + ARIES 35 deg

9. 9

10. 10 EXCEL sheet for conversion + table (Example for IR camera = 35 degrees down from horizontal) Ideal flight heights for NEON Trial (marked X) Flight Height (ft) nautical miles - Distance Flight Height (km)km - Distance statute miles - Distance IIR viewing distance (km) missed approach 000000 X 5000.1180.1520.2180.1350.186 X 10000.2350.3050.4350.2700.372 20000.4700.6100.8710.5410.744 X 30000.7050.9141.3060.8111.116 40000.9401.2191.7411.0821.488 X 50001.1751.5242.1761.3521.860 60001.4101.8292.6121.6232.233 70001.6452.1343.0471.8932.605 80001.8802.4383.4822.1642.977 90002.1152.7433.9182.4343.349 X 100002.3503.0484.3532.7053.721 120002.8213.6585.2243.2464.465 (X) 140003.2914.2676.0943.7875.209 270006.3468.23011.7537.30310.046

11. 11 Runway Grass “20-degree approach” - top view - Grass Flights along runway with about 20 deg angle to make sure to get runway in FoV of the IR camera ! (ala Joss’ Africa Experience) IR Viewing direction IR Viewing area

12. 12 NEON Sortie Time Height 10,000 ft 3,000 ft Extra tasks: ships & ship wakes 1,000 ft 5,000 ft ≈2.5h M/A 2M/A 1 V/P 1 V/P 2 V/P = “fast” vertical profile M/A = missed approach over runway HAL = “Heimann-ARIES loop” ≈0.5 hup to 1.5h 500 ft HAL LandingTake off 500 ft HAL Priority task: over or nearby runway

13. 13 Runway HAL (Heimann-ARIES loop), 500 ft Grass ARIES down (max. resolution), Heimann measuring ARIES up, Heimann calibration “FAAMy” IR cam Followed by ARIES calib

14. 14 Thanks in advance to … The weather!?? The mission scientist! The pilots and navigators!