1. Network and Systems Laboratory nslab.ee.ntu.edu.tw 2011/12/9Wireless Sensor Network And Labs fall 20111

2. Network and Systems Laboratory nslab.ee.ntu.edu.tw Making A Hardware Board Define system requirements Finding components and design circuit Capture Schematic Printed Circuit Board (PCB) layout Professional PCB manufacturers Home made PCB prototype PCB board Soldering Components Testing 2011/12/9Wireless Sensor Network And Labs fall 20112

3. Network and Systems Laboratory nslab.ee.ntu.edu.tw Typical Process 1. Define requirements 2. Get the circuits Design from scratch Google Ask some one who know 2. Find components Which IC you want to use 3. Create component libraries in the PCB software 4. Capture schematic Draw the circuit on the PCB software 5. Layout 1. Decide the shape of the board 2. Placing components 3. Make connections 6. Make the hardware board Export layout to manufacturer output, send to PCB manufacturer Home made PCB 2011/12/9Wireless Sensor Network And Labs fall 20113

4. Network and Systems Laboratory nslab.ee.ntu.edu.tw Today’s Class Introduction Create schematic library Capture schematic Next week Create PCB library (footprint) Layout 2011/12/9Wireless Sensor Network And Labs fall 20114

5. Network and Systems Laboratory nslab.ee.ntu.edu.tw First Of All -- Schematic Rectangle with pin names are usually components Rectangle with numbers are usually connector Usually on the schematic or their description, they will tell you what component it is (part number). You can find the datasheet of the component from Internet 2011/12/9Wireless Sensor Network And Labs fall 20115

6. Network and Systems Laboratory nslab.ee.ntu.edu.tw Taroko Schematic Light sensors LEDs Switches 2011/12/9Wireless Sensor Network And Labs fall 20116

7. Network and Systems Laboratory nslab.ee.ntu.edu.tw Real Device And Schematic There will be a designator for each component on schematic. And it is 1-to-1 map to the PCB board 2011/12/9Wireless Sensor Network And Labs fall 20117

8. Network and Systems Laboratory nslab.ee.ntu.edu.tw Map to Real Device 2011/12/9Wireless Sensor Network And Labs fall 20118

9. Network and Systems Laboratory nslab.ee.ntu.edu.tw Map to Real Device 2011/12/9Wireless Sensor Network And Labs fall 20119

10. Network and Systems Laboratory nslab.ee.ntu.edu.tw Map to Real Device 2011/12/9Wireless Sensor Network And Labs fall 201110

11. Network and Systems Laboratory nslab.ee.ntu.edu.tw Resources Available On Internet Books Google Application notes A document which gives more specific details on using a component in a specific application Provided by IC manufacturers Example: TI MSP430 application notes Reference design Especially RF IC Example: CC2420 reference design 2011/12/9Wireless Sensor Network And Labs fall 201111

12. Network and Systems Laboratory nslab.ee.ntu.edu.tw Search For Datasheet M25P80 Datasheet 8 Mbit, low voltage, serial Flash memory with 75 MHz SPI bus interface 8 Mbit, low voltage, serial Flash memory with 75 MHz SPI bus interface It is a flash memory SHT11 Datasheet SHT1x / SHT7x Temperature and Humidity Sensor 2011/12/9Wireless Sensor Network And Labs fall 201112

13. Network and Systems Laboratory nslab.ee.ntu.edu.tw What To Look In Datasheet Functionality What does this IC do Electrical Characteristic Supply voltage Current consumption Etc Application Information How to make it work Packages What is the IC looks like Shape, size, pins design, pitch, etc. 2011/12/9Wireless Sensor Network And Labs fall 201113

14. Network and Systems Laboratory nslab.ee.ntu.edu.tw M25P80 Datasheet SPI interface 2011/12/9Wireless Sensor Network And Labs fall 201114

15. Network and Systems Laboratory nslab.ee.ntu.edu.tw M25P80 Signal Description SPI interface 2011/12/9Wireless Sensor Network And Labs fall 201115

16. Network and Systems Laboratory nslab.ee.ntu.edu.tw Connect M25P80 and MSP430 SPI interface on MSP430 Pin 2, 5, 6 is SPI interface on M25P80, connected to SPI interface of MSP430 Chip select and Hold pin connected to GPIO pins on MSP430 Write Protect is connected to Vcc, that means we are not using write protect function GPIO on MSP430 The SPI interface is shared with radio chip 2011/12/9Wireless Sensor Network And Labs fall 201116

17. Network and Systems Laboratory nslab.ee.ntu.edu.tw M25P80 Datasheet Usually at the end of the datasheet, there will be some section call “Packaging information”, “Package”, …… This section contain the information about how the chip looks like Lets take a look at the common packages 2011/12/9Wireless Sensor Network And Labs fall 201117

18. Network and Systems Laboratory nslab.ee.ntu.edu.tw M25P80 Packages A chip may have more than one package M25P80 has three Package information gives you the footprint of the chip 2011/12/9Wireless Sensor Network And Labs fall 201118

19. Network and Systems Laboratory nslab.ee.ntu.edu.tw SO8W We use M25P80 SO8W package on Taroko A dot here defines pin #1 E E1 e b 2011/12/9 Wireless Sensor Network And Labs fall 2011 19

20. Network and Systems Laboratory nslab.ee.ntu.edu.tw Through-hole vs SMD Through-hole A mounting scheme Pins inserted into holes drilled in PCB and soldered to pads on the opposite sidesoldered Expansion connector on Taroko Light sensor on Taroko SMD: surface mounted device Components are mounted directly onto the surface of PCB Many devices on Taroko are SMD Resistor, capacitor, MSP430, and more. 2011/12/9Wireless Sensor Network And Labs fall 201120

21. Network and Systems Laboratory nslab.ee.ntu.edu.tw Through-hole Packages SIP: single in-line packages DIP: dual in-line packages Through-hole package are old, their number decreased in modern design 2011/12/9Wireless Sensor Network And Labs fall 201121

22. Network and Systems Laboratory nslab.ee.ntu.edu.tw SMD Packages Chip resistors, capacitors, inductors 0402, 0603, 0805, … Represent size of the chip 0805 means 0.08” x 0.05” rectangle 2011/12/9Wireless Sensor Network And Labs fall 201122

23. Network and Systems Laboratory nslab.ee.ntu.edu.tw SMD Packages SO: Small outline Usually refer to IC with two rows of leads QFP: Quad flat package 2011/12/9Wireless Sensor Network And Labs fall 201123

24. Network and Systems Laboratory nslab.ee.ntu.edu.tw SMD Packages QFN: Quad flat package, no-leads The packages we introduced just now are most commonly used Device datasheet should include the package information You will need it for PCB layout 2011/12/9Wireless Sensor Network And Labs fall 201124

25. Network and Systems Laboratory nslab.ee.ntu.edu.tw SMD Packages BGA: Ball Grid Array PGA: Pin Grid Array These two are widely used in high end processor. They allow more pin-out from a single package. We seldom use ICs in these package, it is too difficult to solder by hand 2011/12/9Wireless Sensor Network And Labs fall 201125

26. Network and Systems Laboratory nslab.ee.ntu.edu.tw Power MSP430 USB CC2420 Radio Sensors, memory, LEDs, switches, expension Power what about Power? ? ? USB is 5V, MSP430 operating range is 1.8V ~ 3.6V. How to get supply power from USB? 2011/12/9Wireless Sensor Network And Labs fall 201126

27. Network and Systems Laboratory nslab.ee.ntu.edu.tw Regulator A semiconductor device that converts an input DC voltage (usually a range of input voltages) to a fixed- output DC voltage Many types of regulators, most commonly used Linear regulators Switching regulators You might accept power supply from various sources with different voltage, but you need a stable voltage for your system Use a regulator Regulator input output (5V ~ 40V) 3.3V (fixed) 2011/12/9Wireless Sensor Network And Labs fall 201127

28. Network and Systems Laboratory nslab.ee.ntu.edu.tw Linear Regulator Output voltage < input voltage All linear regulators require an input voltage at least some minimum amount higher than the desired output voltage This minimum amount is called drop-out voltage You can only step down the voltage Inefficient, power dissipated as heat Linear regulator inputoutput (3.3V)5V Regulator input output (5V ~ 40V) 3.3V (fixed) Taroko Taroko current consumption=60mA Power provided at the output = 3.3V * 60mA = 198mW Power provided at the output = 5V * 60mA = 300mW Power dissipated on regulator = 300mW – 198mW = 102mW Switching Regulator can step up the voltage 2011/12/9Wireless Sensor Network And Labs fall 201128

29. Network and Systems Laboratory nslab.ee.ntu.edu.tw Key Parameters of Regulators Input voltage range A range of possible input voltage Output voltage Fixed to some value Adjustable Can be adjust by some external resistors Maximum output current Maximum current allowed Drop-out voltage 2011/12/9Wireless Sensor Network And Labs fall 201129

30. Network and Systems Laboratory nslab.ee.ntu.edu.tw Linear Regulator ICs MCP1700T-3302TT (on Taroko) U25 on Taroko 2011/12/9Wireless Sensor Network And Labs fall 201130

31. Network and Systems Laboratory nslab.ee.ntu.edu.tw Typical Application Circuit Usually the datasheet has the typical application circuit 2011/12/9Wireless Sensor Network And Labs fall 201131

32. Network and Systems Laboratory nslab.ee.ntu.edu.tw Why To Buy You have a schematic, and already found out what is the components on it But, where to buy? Various sources Online retailers www.digikey.com www.mouser.com Local distributors These are probably two of the world largest online electronic components retailers. If the component you need cannot buy from these two sources, you might want to consider the other component! 2011/12/9Wireless Sensor Network And Labs fall 201132

33. Network and Systems Laboratory nslab.ee.ntu.edu.tw Putting Things Together Hardware prototyping Breadboard Printed Circuit Board 2011/12/9Wireless Sensor Network And Labs fall 201133

34. Network and Systems Laboratory nslab.ee.ntu.edu.tw Breadboard Fast and easy Signal unstable and inaccurate Ugly! Un-professional 2011/12/9Wireless Sensor Network And Labs fall 201134

35. Network and Systems Laboratory nslab.ee.ntu.edu.tw Printed Circuit Board Take some time Professional Signal is more stable Home made PCB Industry fabrication PCB 2011/12/9Wireless Sensor Network And Labs fall 201135

36. Network and Systems Laboratory nslab.ee.ntu.edu.tw Goal Design a term project control board Replace the Breadboard Place on you robot car Has Connectors to connect two Taroko’s Location node Control node: receive infrared, control motor, receive location Provide power supply for Taroko Has connectors to connect two infrared sensors Has connectors to connect two motor (PWM output) 2011/12/9Wireless Sensor Network And Labs fall 201136

37. Network and Systems Laboratory nslab.ee.ntu.edu.tw Block Diagram Taroko Location node Taroko Control node Battery 4 AA 6V output Regulator LM317L Connector 3-Pin Infrared Connector 3-Pin Infrared Connector 3-Pin Motor Connector 3-Pin Motor 3.3V 6V 2011/12/9Wireless Sensor Network And Labs fall 201137

38. Network and Systems Laboratory nslab.ee.ntu.edu.tw Components Battery connector: 2-pin, Regulator: LM317L, 8-pin SOIC Resistor, capacitor Taroko connector Location node: 2x5 pin, 2x3 pin Control node: 2x5 pin, 2x3 pin Infrared connector: 3 pin Motor connector: 3 pin 2011/12/9Wireless Sensor Network And Labs fall 201138

39. Network and Systems Laboratory nslab.ee.ntu.edu.tw PCB Layout Software We are using “Altium Design 6” There are many other software available Process 1. Initial setup 2. Create schematic library 3. Capture schematic 4. Create PCB library 5. PCB layout 6. Output 2011/12/9Wireless Sensor Network And Labs fall 201139

40. Network and Systems Laboratory nslab.ee.ntu.edu.tw Tools Altium Designer http://www.altium.com/products/altium- designer/en/altium-designer_home.cfm http://www.altium.com/products/altium- designer/en/altium-designer_home.cfm Trial version https://trial1.altium.com/?lang=us#:1sy923989 2011/12/9Wireless Sensor Network And Labs fall 201140

41. Network and Systems Laboratory nslab.ee.ntu.edu.tw Altium Designer 6 Electronic product development solution Schematic capture PCB Board design Simulation FPGA design etc. We will use it to do the PCB layout 2011/12/9Wireless Sensor Network And Labs fall 201141

42. Network and Systems Laboratory nslab.ee.ntu.edu.tw Schematic And PCB 2011/12/9Wireless Sensor Network And Labs fall 201142 Create Schematic Layout

43. Network and Systems Laboratory nslab.ee.ntu.edu.tw Beginning 2011/12/9Wireless Sensor Network And Labs fall 201143 Blank schematic sheet Empty layout

44. Network and Systems Laboratory nslab.ee.ntu.edu.tw Create Components (Library) 2011/12/9Wireless Sensor Network And Labs fall 201144 1. Create schematic components2. Create PCB footprint 3. Link schematic and PCB components

45. Network and Systems Laboratory nslab.ee.ntu.edu.tw Capture Schematic 2011/12/9Wireless Sensor Network And Labs fall 201145 1. Place components on sheet Net_A1 2. Make connection

46. Network and Systems Laboratory nslab.ee.ntu.edu.tw Compile And Export 2011/12/9Wireless Sensor Network And Labs fall 201146 According to you schematic, export footprint to PCB

47. Network and Systems Laboratory nslab.ee.ntu.edu.tw Layout 2011/12/9Wireless Sensor Network And Labs fall 201147 Define outline Place components Make connection Polygon Pour

48. Network and Systems Laboratory nslab.ee.ntu.edu.tw PCB Layout Process Process 1. Initial setup 1. Create design workspace Create design workspace 2. Create PCB project 3. Add new “Schematic”, “PCB”, “Schematic library” and “PCB library” 2. Create schematic library 3. Capture schematic 4. Create PCB library 5. PCB layout 6. Output 2011/12/9Wireless Sensor Network And Labs fall 201148

49. Network and Systems Laboratory nslab.ee.ntu.edu.tw Schematic Library Component list (what components you need) LM317L Miscellaneous components Resistor capacitor connectors Schematic library contain the components you will use Altium Designer has a collection of libraries Search the libraries If the components you want is not in the libraries provide, you have to create one (both AD7798, ADXL330 was not found) Create library components for AD7766 and ADXL330 Copy Miscellaneous components 2011/12/9Wireless Sensor Network And Labs fall 201149

50. Network and Systems Laboratory nslab.ee.ntu.edu.tw Capture Schematic Schematic library are ready Capture Schematic 01 02 Vcc 24682468 REFIN(-), AIN1(-), AIN2(-), AIN3(-) connect GND GND Xout Yout Zout Give every power supply line a 0.1 μF capacitor 2011/12/9Wireless Sensor Network And Labs fall 201150

51. Network and Systems Laboratory nslab.ee.ntu.edu.tw The Schematic 2011/12/9Wireless Sensor Network And Labs fall 201151

52. Network and Systems Laboratory nslab.ee.ntu.edu.tw Create your own schematic 2011/12/9Wireless Sensor Network And Labs fall 201152