1. Chapter 2 Types of Early Childhood Programs

2.  In this chapter, you will learn about  the distinct differences among the many childhood programs:  philosophies  ownership  program offerings  size  staff qualifications  hours of operations  facilities  fees

3. Objectives  List and describe various types of childhood programs available to parents and their children.  Explain the advantages and disadvantages of each type of program.  Name the three types of center sponsorship.  Explain steps a parent may take in choosing quality child care.  List the components of center accreditation.

4. Terms to Know  family child care  custodial care  child care centers  Montessori approach  Head Start  accredited  school-age child care programs  checking-in services  parent cooperatives  laboratory schools

5. TYPES OF CHILD CARE:  CUSTODIAL: Care for basic needs  DEVELOPMENTAL: Intellectual development  COMPREHENSIVE: Combines both custodial and developmental care

6. Family Child Care  Family child care: a type of program where child care is provided in a private home  Program  Custodial care: focuses on meeting the child’s physical needs  Developmental curriculum: may be planned, if caregiver has received training

7. Child Care Centers  Child care centers: provide full-day care and education  Ideally, the program should meet needs in all areas of development.  Social  Emotional  Cognitive  Physical

8. Montessori Schools  Montessori approach: teach children how to learn, stressing  independence  sensory training  academic experience  proper nutrition  cleanliness  manners

9. Head Start  Head start: federal program that provides child care and education to four- and five-year-olds from low-income families  Education: The curriculum is designed to build self-esteem that will lead to future success in school.  Self-confidence  Curiosity  Self-discipline

10. Head Start  Nutrition: provide at least one snack and one hot meal every day  Health: children receive a total health plan  Dental  Medical  Mental health  Parental involvement: parents participate in different activities  Recruiting new children  Assisting in the center  Taking part in policy meetings

11. Did You Know…  Head Start began in 1965 in the Office of Economic Opportunity and is now administered by the Administration for Children and Families.  Approximately 1,315,000 individuals volunteer, and community organizations provide a wide array of services to Head Start programs.

12. Kindergarten  Kindergarten is part of most private and public school systems.  Schedules  Half-day  Full-day  Full-day/alternating day sessions

13. Kindergarten  Goals:  Respect for the contributions, property, and rights of other children  Development of positive feelings about school  Development of positive self-concept  Growth in language, social, physical, and creative skills  Achievement of problem-solving and cognitive skills

14. Kindergarten  Curriculum: may vary from school to school  Preacademic skills  Social development  Creative activities

15. School-Age Care  School-age programs: provide care for children before and/or after school  Checking-in services: hiring workers who call the home to check whether the child has arrived safely

16. Parent Cooperatives  Parent cooperatives: formed and run by parents who wish to take part in their children’s preschool experience  Advantages  Teachers can devote more time to curriculum, parents take care of the administrative activities  Special relationship between parents and teachers.  Disadvantages  Lack of control on teacher’s part in making rules.

17. Parent Cooperatives  Sessions  Two to three hours, two to five days a week  Fees  Less than other programs

18. Laboratory Schools  Laboratory schools: located on a postsecondary or college campus  Purpose  Train future teachers  Serve as a study group for researchers  Characteristics  Highly qualified staff  Well-planned curriculum  Excellent equipment

19. High School Child Care Programs  High school child care programs: located in high schools that have started vocational training for child care occupations  Characteristics:  Operates two or three days a week  Curriculum is planned by high school students  High school students are supervised by a teacher

20. Sponsorship of Early Childhood Centers  Public sponsorship: funded by federal, state, or local governments  Private sponsorship: privately owned centers, rely on the parents’ fees to cover most of the expenses.  Employer sponsorship: child care assistance provided to employees by their employers

21. Selecting a Child Care Program  Factors to consider:  type of program  quality of program  cost  adult-child ratio  group size  security and cleanness of environment  condition of facilities  training and experience of the staff

22. Selecting a Child Care Program

23. Discuss  If you were selecting a child care program for your child, what are some other factors that you would consider?

24. Center Accreditation  Being accredited certifies that a set of standards have been met by a child care center.  Purpose:  improve the quality of programs  assist parents in their search  help assure parents their children are receiving quality care

25. Research  What are the requirements to get accreditation for a child care program in your state?

26. Summary  Type of early childhood programs:  Family child care  Child care centers  Montessori schools  Head Start  Kindergarten  School-age child care programs  Parent cooperatives  Laboratory schools  High school child care programs

27. Summary  Programs may be sponsored in a variety of ways:  publicly  privately  employer-sponsored  Accreditation certifies that a program meets a specific set of standards.

28. The authors want to recognize Bethany L. Baughman for her contributions to this project.