1. Highlights of the TEXONO Research Program : Status and Plans  Overview of TEXONO Collaboration  Research Program  Kuo-Sheng Reactor Neutrino Laboratory  Results Highlights  Future Plans & Directions Henry T. Wong / 王子敬 Academia Sinica / 中央研究院  @ Phoenix Park KIMS-TEXONO Joint Meeting

2. TEXONO Collaboration Collaboration :  Taiwan (AS, INER, KSNPS, NTU,NCU,NCCU)  China (IHEP, CIAE, THU, NJU, NKU)  Turkey (METU)  India (BHU) + Close Partnership (KIMS Collaboration in S. Korea) Taiwan EXperiment On NeutrinO

3.  Poineering Efforts : “Zero-Background Experiment” !  KS Expt: 1 st large-scale particle physics experiment in Taiwan  TEXONO Coll. : 1 st big research Coll. % Taiwan & China........ and now extending our presence to Korea, Turkey & India

4. Kuo-Sheng Nuclear Power Plant KS NPS-II : 2 cores  2.9 GW KS Lab: 28 m from core#1

5. Kuo Sheng Reactor Neutrino Laboratory Front Gate Configuration: Modest yet Unique Flexible Design: Allows different detectors conf. for different physics Inner Target Volume Front View (cosmic vetos, shieldings, control room …..)

6. R&D :  Coh. ( N)  T < 1 keV Results & More Data:   ( e )  T ~ 1-100 keV On-Going Data Taking & Analysis  SM  ( e)  T > 2 MeV Reactor Neutrino Interaction Cross-Sections massqualityDetector requirements

7. Kuo Sheng Reactor Neutrino Laboratory : First Results on Neutrino Magnetic Moments (LST)

8. Coverage in International Press

9. Search of  at low energy  high signal rate & robustness:   >>SM [ decouple irreducible bkg  unknown sources ]  T << E  d  /dT depends on total  flux but NOT spectral shape [ flux well known : ~6 fission-  ~1.2 238 U capture- per fission ]

10. Another notable result – First exploration of electron- neutrino production at reactors ….

11. Electron Neutrinos @ Reactor (PRD 72, 2005) Nuclear material Fission products n rich nuclei Stable isotope Structure material n  － decay  －  decay EC even-even Electron neutrino emission electron anti- neutrino emission  Evaluate e flux at standard reactors  Derive limits on  and  for e  Explore e flux enhancement in loaded reactor (e.g. with Cr)  Study Potential applications :  e NCC cross-section measurements,   13  Pu-production monitoring

12. Other on-going research program at KS:  Measurement of neutrino-electron scattering cross- sections (i.e. sin 2  W at MeV range) with CsI(Tl) crystals [MD]  Search of reactor axions with HPGe  Studies of neutrino induced nuclear transitions in 73 Ge*  Background measurement, understanding and suppression at reactor lab. [MD] Future Goal at KS:  First observation of neutrino-nucleus coherent scattering [LST]  Explore new detector energy down to 100 eV  testing “ULEGe” prototypes at AS+KS+Y2L  Expect ready for a major experiment with ~1 kg scale detector at 2007

13. CsI(Tl) Array (~200 kg) :  e) Z =40 cm Single Crystal Q L Vs Q R (Raw Data) Region of Interest for SM  e) Z = 0 cm 208 Tl 40 K 137 Cs Data analysis under way……..

14. “Ultra-Low-Energy” HPGe Prototype  ULEGe – developed for soft X-rays detection ; easy & inexpensive & robust operation  Prototype : (I) 5 g ; (II) 4 X 5 g ; (III) 10 g ; (IV) segmented 20 g  threshold <100 eV after modest PSD [lowest achieved for bulk radiation detectors]  study feasibilities for 1-kg-ish detector for  coherent scattering and Dark Matter searches [   search a by-product ] 5 g 4 X 5 g

15. ULE-HPGe Prototype Results ※ threshold ~100 eV, calibration by linear extrapolation from 1-6 keV ※ PSD possible to suppress noise edge Threshold ~ 100 eV

16. Reactor Axions Analysis with HPGe data  Reactor core has intense M1 transitions : e.g. 7 Li, 91 Y, 97 Nb etc.  Signature : peak at transition energy at HPGe due to Primakoff conversion Like TEXONO HPGe

17. Tagging of 73 Ge ½ - 2  transitions  Event-by-Event background-free tag with PSD  To do : Reactor ON/OFF analysis on the system ~1 s before/after the transition  -induced events signature: excess in the “ON+before” spectra Looking for -induced 73 Ge *

18. Yangyang ( 襄陽 ) Lab (Y2L) min. 700 m of rock overburden  Install 5 g ULB-ULEGe at Y2L on January 2005  Study background and feasibility for CDM searches  may evolve into a full-scale (1 kg) CDM experiment TEXONO  KIMS @ Y2L (LX)

19. Sensitivity Plot for CDM-WIMP search with 1 kg ULEGe at 100 eV threshold ………

20.  Improved measurement of Quenching Factors in CsI(Tl)  First direct verification of the optical model

21.  40 MHz ; 12 bit ; 32 ch/module @ 9 U VME [ c/f KS FADC : 20 MHz ; 8 bit ; 16 ch/module ]  On-board processing with FPGA  1000 channels used in TPC in LEPS Expt. @ SPring8 TPC for LEPS @ SPring8  40 MHz sampling rate.  10 bits resolution with 2Vp-p dynamic range.  Clock distribution with Phase Lock Loop circuit.  On Board digital signal delay and Real-Time ZERO-Suppression.  High capacity First In First Out Memory.  Easy to use with high density connector. Mixed signal FADC Adapter Board TEXONO/KS FADC for SPring8/LEPS (cosmic muon)

22. Trace Radio-purity with AMS (CIAE)  Based at AMS facilities @CIAE with 13 MV Tandem  Potential Merits:  small samples, quick  versatile on sample choice  sensitive to  emitters  sensitive to stable isotope & extrapolate (e.g. 39 K)  >10 3 improvements over ICP-MS [.. once prescriptions are known. ]  Status :  demonstrate 129 I/ 127 I < 10 -12 g/g [NIM-B, 2006]  measure 40 K~10 -10 g/g in CsI (powder)   develop techniques for K in liquid scintillator Sensitivity goal : < 10 -16 g/g  Future :  87 Rb …… [ 238 U / 232 Th series after Tandem upgrade]

24. Sonoluminescence Project (AS,NCU,CIAE) SonoLum Pulse  a frontier subject with possible surprises  new directions : to explore subjects we do not know  inter-disciplinary research  new research style and experience enriching  Table-top experiments, pursue-able in several labs  balance the other big & long time-scale projects  use HEP approaches  Focus :  understand physics mechanism  emissions of high energy radiations  Achieved : devise method for UV detection [Ultrasonics, 2006]

25.  TEXONO Collaboration:  Built-Up from Scratch & Maturing  Kuo-Sheng Neutrino Lab.:  Established & Operational  Modular & Flexible Design  Physics Data Taking since June 01 ※ Unique HPGe Low Energy Data ※ Bkg Level ~ Underground CDM Expt  Results published on     & reactor e Summary & Outlook

26.  Diversified Program in Parallel Main Thrust on  ~200 kg CsI(Tl) [  ( e) …]  ULEGe: for  coh ( N) + CDM  Present Focus of Collaborating Groups: AS ::   -e S.  Coherent S.  SonoLum. CIAE :: AMS  SonoLum. THU :: CDM Search  Reaching Out  Y2L @ Korea / Daya Bay Project (?) / Regional Framework TEXONO is a (modest) part of world neutrino physics community Tremendous Pleasure & Pressure !